Long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to participate in the progression of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 472 (LINC00472), miR-149-3p, and miR-4270 were found to be involved in tumor activities, suggesting potential roles in NSCLC. Thus, this study aimed to examine the ability of LINC00472 to influence the progression of NSCLC with the involvement of miR-149-3p and miR-4270. Initially, differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), downstream regulatory miRNAs, and genes related to NSCLC were identified. Next, the interaction among LINC00472, miR-149-3p and miR-4270, and KLLN and the p53-signaling pathway was determined. The effect of LINC00472 on the expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin was examined through gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments. Lastly, the effects of LINC00472 on NSCLC tumor growth were assessed in vivo . LINC00472 and KLLN were found to exhibit low levels, while miR-149-3p and miR-4270 were highly expressed in NSCLC. In addition, the overexpression of LINC00472 was observed to upregulate KLLN and activate the p53-signaling pathway, which ultimately inhibited the invasion, migration, and EMT of NSCLC cells via miR-149-3p and miR-4270, corresponding to decreased N-cadherin and Vimentin and increased E-cadherin. The overexpression of LINC00472 exerted an inhibitory effect on tumor growth in vivo . Taken together, the key evidence suggests that the overexpression of LINC00472 can downregulate miR-149-3p and miR-4270 to upregulate KLLN and activate the p53-signaling pathway, thus inhibiting the development of NSCLC. This study highlights the potential of LINC00472 as a promising therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.

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A selected yeast fraction ( SYF ) was tested for the purpose of preventing pullorum disease and fowl typhoid in breeder chickens. In a challenge-protection experiment, commercial Three-Yellow breeder chicks were initially divided into groups A, B (challenged, treated), C (challenged, untreated), and D (unchallenged, untreated). The group A diet was supplemented with SYF and group B was supplemented with Acidipure via drinking water. At 7 D, birds of groups A, B, and C were divided into 2 equal subgroups (A1-A2, B1-B2, and C1-C2). Subgroups A1, B1, and C1 were challenged with Salmonella pullorum ( SP ), while subgroups A2, B2, and C2 were challenged with Salmonella gallinarum ( SG ). Clinical signs and mortality were recorded daily. At intervals, antibodies against SP and SG were detected by a plate agglutinate test ( PAT ). At 42 D, all birds were weighed and necropsied, lesions were recorded and challenge pathogens were isolated. Results showed that SP and SG isolation positive rates of groups A1-A2 were significantly lower ( P < 0.05) than those of B1-B2 and C1-C2, respectively. The average body weight ( BW ) of groups A1-A2 was significantly higher ( P < 0.05) than that of B1-B2 and C1-C2, respectively. In the field trial, chicks were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group 1 birds were fed a diet supplemented with SYF, group 2 diet was supplemented with Acidipure via drinking water, and group 3 was fed the same but un-supplemented diet as the control group. Antibodies against SP and SG were detected by PAT at 120 D. The antibodies positive rate of group 1 was significantly lower ( P < 0.05) than those of groups 2 and 3, while no significant difference ( P > 0.05) was found between groups 2 and 3. The results demonstrated that SYF supplementation could significantly decrease SP and SG infection rates, improve the BW of birds challenged with SP and SG, and was more effective than Acidipure via drinking water.

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Biobased flame retardants with facile preparation, high performance in smoke suppression, and mechanical reinforcement toward epoxy resins are worth exploring for feasible sustainability. Although some chitosan-containing flame retardants have been successfully developed so far, the synthesis processes for most of them require the use of large volumes of organic solvents and give low synthetic yields. Herein, we report a facile, green, and high-yielding strategy for the synthesis of chitosan−metal complex flame retardants (CS−Fe) by coordination of chitosan with Fe(III) in water. The results show that incorporating 9 wt % CS−Fe enables the EP composites to pass the UL-94 V-1 rating with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 29.5%. At the same time, the peak heat release rate, peak smoke production, total smoke production, peak CO production, and fire growth rate of EP/9CS−Fe are significantly reduced, indicating good flame retardancy. Remarkably, the prepared CS−Fe enhanced both the strength and toughness of EP due to the homogeneous dispersion of CS−Fe and the presence of a reaction between CS−Fe and the EP matrix. This work provides a simple and economic strategy for the green preparation of chitosan-based flame retardants with high efficiency.

A bio‐based flame retardant (PDE) was synthesized through a facile one‐pot reaction of 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) with protocatechualdehyde and ethanol. PDE was fully characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H NMR, 31P NMR and ESI‐MS. Epoxy resin (EP) with 9 wt% PDE (EP/9%PDE) passed UL94 V‐0 rating and possessed the limited oxygen index (LOI) value of 33.2%, the curved EP thermosets kept transparent. When chitosan (CS) was used to replace one‐third of PDE in EP/9% PDE, the modified EP also passed UL94 V‐0 rating with the LOI value of 32.3%, the curved thermosets kept transparent and owned better absorption effect toward ultraviolet light. Cone calorimeter test and TG‐FTIR analysis were performed on the EP samples, the chars after burning were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐Ray spectroscopy (EDX), Raman spectrum and FTIR. The results showed that the synergistic effect of PDE‐CS on flame retardant was ascribed to the protective effect of denser char layer, the release of some phosphorus containing free radicals and the dilution effect of released nonflammable gases such as H2O and CO2.

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