The effect of a selected yeast fraction on the prevention of pullorum disease and fowl typhoid in commercial breeder chickens

Abstract

A selected yeast fraction ( SYF ) was tested for the purpose of preventing pullorum disease and fowl typhoid in breeder chickens. In a challenge-protection experiment, commercial Three-Yellow breeder chicks were initially divided into groups A, B (challenged, treated), C (challenged, untreated), and D (unchallenged, untreated). The group A diet was supplemented with SYF and group B was supplemented with Acidipure via drinking water. At 7 D, birds of groups A, B, and C were divided into 2 equal subgroups (A1-A2, B1-B2, and C1-C2). Subgroups A1, B1, and C1 were challenged with Salmonella pullorum ( SP ), while subgroups A2, B2, and C2 were challenged with Salmonella gallinarum ( SG ). Clinical signs and mortality were recorded daily. At intervals, antibodies against SP and SG were detected by a plate agglutinate test ( PAT ). At 42 D, all birds were weighed and necropsied, lesions were recorded and challenge pathogens were isolated. Results showed that SP and SG isolation positive rates of groups A1-A2 were significantly lower ( P < 0.05) than those of B1-B2 and C1-C2, respectively. The average body weight ( BW ) of groups A1-A2 was significantly higher ( P < 0.05) than that of B1-B2 and C1-C2, respectively. In the field trial, chicks were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group 1 birds were fed a diet supplemented with SYF, group 2 diet was supplemented with Acidipure via drinking water, and group 3 was fed the same but un-supplemented diet as the control group. Antibodies against SP and SG were detected by PAT at 120 D. The antibodies positive rate of group 1 was significantly lower ( P < 0.05) than those of groups 2 and 3, while no significant difference ( P > 0.05) was found between groups 2 and 3. The results demonstrated that SYF supplementation could significantly decrease SP and SG infection rates, improve the BW of birds challenged with SP and SG, and was more effective than Acidipure via drinking water.

The Use of Star Anise-Cinnamon Essential Oil as an Alternative Antibiotic in Prevention of Salmonella Infections in Yellow Chickens

“…The results of this study showed that more birds were positive for Salmonella pullorum in the samples of mixed organs and cecum when compared with the sample of cloaca swabs in the challenged/untreated subgroup B1, and the same trend was also observed in the Salmonella give - and Salmonella kentucky -challenged groups B2 and B3. These results are in agreement with previous study [ 26 ]. Salmonella exhibited a high affinity for the intestinal tract, especially the cecum and ileocecal junction.…”

“…Salmonella infection generally cause a range of symptoms, including pasty diarrhea, anorexia, emaciation, depression, and even death in very young chicks or poults, which is infrequent in mature poultry [ 26 , 32 ]. In this study, birds in the challenged/untreated groups exhibited weakness, poor growth, white diarrhea, anal paste, and severe liver and heart lesions.…”

Antioxidant Status, Blood Constituents and Immune Response of Broiler Chickens Fed Two Types of Diets with or without Different Concentrations of Active Yeast

“…In addition, Kiarie et al [ 13 ] revealed that when added with feed enzymes, yeast derivatives can modulate cellular- and humoral-mediated immunity in broilers against intestinal coccidial infections. Zhou et al [ 14 ] investigated the ability of yeast fractions to prevent pullorum disease and fowl typhoid in breeders. The results of the study revealed that dietary fortification of yeast fractions significantly reduced disease infection in the challenged breeders.…”

“…The results of the study revealed that dietary fortification of yeast fractions significantly reduced disease infection in the challenged breeders. In the same study, the positive culling rate of the pullets and their body weight were significantly reduced because of the addition of yeast fractions to the feed of birds challenged with Salmonella infection [ 14 ]. The intestinal microflora balance has also been shown to be improved in birds with dietary supplementation of yeast, due to the presence of mannan-oligosaccharides and fructo-oligosaccharides in the cell wall of yeast [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Safety and protective efficacy of Salmonella Pullorum spiC and rfaH deletion rough mutant as a live attenuated DIVA vaccine candidate

“…The PD has been eradicated from commercial poultry in many developed countries, owing to the introduction of pullorum-typhoid programs based on detection and elimination of the affected birds ( Barrow and Freitas Neto, 2011 ). However, the PD remains a big threat to the poultry industry in developing countries and causes serious economic loss every year ( Eriksson et al., 2018 ; Zhou et al., 2020 ).…”