Morphology tuning of the blend film in organic solar cells (OSCs) is a key approach to improve device efficiencies. Among various strategies, solid additive is proposed as a simple and new way to enable morphology tuning. However, there exist few solid additives reported to meet such expectations. Herein, chlorine‐functionalized graphdiyne (GCl) is successfully applied as a multifunctional solid additive to fine‐tune the morphology and improve device efficiency as well as reproductivity for the first time. Compared with 15.6% efficiency for control devices, a record high efficiency of 17.3% with the certified one of 17.1% is obtained along with the simultaneous increase of short‐circuit current (Jsc) and fill factor (FF), displaying the state‐of‐the‐art binary organic solar cells at present. The redshift of the film absorption, enhanced crystallinity, prominent phase separation, improved mobility, and decreased charge recombination synergistically account for the increase of Jsc and FF after introducing GCl into the blend film. Moreover, the addition of GCl dramatically reduces batch‐to‐batch variations benefiting mass production owing to the nonvolatile property of GCl. All these results confirm the efficacy of GCl to enhance device performance, demonstrating a promising application of GCl as a multifunctional solid additive in the field of OSCs.
Oxygen chemistry plays a pivotal role in numerous chemical
reactions.
In particular, selective cleavage of C–H bonds by metal oxo
species is highly desirable in dehydrogenation of light alkanes. However,
high selectivity of alkene is usually hampered through consecutive
oxygenation reactions in a conventional oxidative dehydrogenation
(ODH) scheme. Herein, we show that dual-functional Mo–V–O
mixed oxides selectively convert propane to propylene via an alternative
chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation (CL-ODH) approach. At 500
°C, we obtain 89% propylene selectivity at 36% propane conversion
over 100 dehydrogenation–regeneration cycles. We attribute
such high propylene yieldwhich exceeds that of previously
reported ODH catalyststo the involvement and precise modulation
of bulk lattice oxygen via atomic-scale doping of Mo and show that
increasing the binding energy of V–O bonds is critical to enhance
the selectivity of propylene. This work provides the fundamental understanding
of metal–oxygen chemistry and a promising strategy for alkane
dehydrogenation.
This
work demonstrates a novel photovoltaic application in which
graphdiyne (GD) can be employed as a host material in a perovskite
active layer for the first time. In the device fabrication, the best
molar ratio for active materials is verified as PbI2/MAI/GD
being 1:1:0.25, yielding a peak power-conversion efficiency of 21.01%.
We find that graphdiyne, as the host material, exerts significant
influence on the crystallization, film morphology, and a series of
optoelectronic properties of the perovskite active layer. A uniform
MAPbI3 film with highly crystalline qualities, large domain
sizes, and few grain boundaries was realized with the introduction
of graphdiyne. Moreover, the current–voltage hysteresis was
negligible, and device stability was significantly improved as well.
The results indicate that graphdiyne as the host active material presents
great potential for the enhancement of the performance of perovskite
solar cells.
Here we reported the doping of graphdiyne in P3CT-K in MAPbI perovskite solar cells as hole-transport materials. The doping could improve the surface wettability of P3CT-K, and the resulting perovskite morphology was improved with homogeneous coverage and reduced grain boundaries. Simultaneously, it increased the hole-extraction mobility and reduced the recombination as well as improved the performance of devices. Therefore, a high efficiency of 19.5% was achieved based on improved short-circuit current and fill factor. In addition, hysteresis of the J- V curve was also obviously reduced. This work paves the way for the development of highly efficient perovskite solar cells.
The regulation of perovskite crystallization and nanostructure have revolutionized the development of high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in recent years. Yet the problem of stably passivating perovskite surface defects remains perplexing. The 1D perovskites possess superior physical properties compared with bulk crystals, such as excellent moisture stability, self‐healing property, and surface defects passivation. Here, 4‐chlorobenzamidine hydrochloride (CBAH) is developed as spacer to form orientationally crystallized nanorod‐like 1D perovskite on the top surface of 3D perovskite for surface passivation of FAPbI3 perovskite. Further structure characterizations indicate the coexistence of 1D–3D hybrid perovskite lattices in nanorod‐like perovskite passivation layer, which regulates the crystallization and morphology effectively and assists in promoting charge extraction, and suppressing charge recombination. As a result, the CBAH treated FAPbI3‐based PSCs exhibit a boosted power conversion efficiency of 21.95%. More importantly, the resultant unencapsulated devices display improved thermal, moisture, and illumination stability, and high reproducibility in terms of device performance. These results indicate the potential of organic halide salts for regulation of perovskite crystallization, offering a promising route of utilizing 1D perovskites nanorods in photovoltaic fields.
The molecular structure of cathode interface modification materials can affect the surface morphology of the active layer and key electron transfer processes occurring at the interface of polymer solar cells in inverted structures mostly due to the change of molecular configuration. To investigate the effects of spatial configuration of the cathode interfacial modification layer on polymer solar cells device performances, we introduced two novel organic ionic salts (linear NS2 and three-dimensional (3D) NS4) combined with the ZnO film to fabricate highly efficient inverted solar cells. Both organic ionic salts successfully decreased the surface traps of the ZnO film and made its work function more compatible. Especially NS4 in three-dimensional configuration increased the electron mobility and extraction efficiency of the interfacial film, leading to a significant improvement of device performance. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.09% based on NS4 was achieved. Moreover, 3D interfacial modification could retain about 92% of its initial PCE over 160 days. It is proposed that 3D interfacial modification retards the element penetration-induced degradation without impeding the electron transfer from the active layer to the ZnO film, which significantly improves device stability. This indicates that inserting three-dimensional organic ionic salt is an efficient strategy to enhance device performance.
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