This study intends to explore the influence of innovative teaching approach toward attitude, knowledge acquisition, intention, and learning satisfaction. The innovative teaching approach combines external resources to design interesting and interactive curriculums for stimulating students' imagination, cultivating the ability of problem solving, and facilitating independent thinking. We adopted the concepts of open innovation and technology acceptance model to develop our framework. A total of 109 questionnaires were filled out by sixth grade students, who have complete the curriculum, in Si-Men Primary school, with 109 valid responses returned. At first, we found that the open innovative teaching approach appeared to have a positive influence on students' learning attitude and knowledge acquisition. Second, better learning attitudes and knowledge acquisition had positive influence on learning intention. Third, learning intention increased student satisfaction of learning. In addition, we also verified the attitude and knowledge acquisition played as mediator between open innovative teaching approach and learning intention. Therefore, we believe that interesting and interactive approaches may foster a stronger motivation to learn new skills, acquire knowledge and increase student learning satisfaction.
This study intends to investigate the relationships of brand image, consumer purchasing attitude, intention, and loyalty. Purposive sampling is adopted in this study and three hundred questionnaires are sent to graduate students, who have experiences purchasing in E- commerce. There are 185 responses and only 183 valid responses. Our results verifies that brand image positive influence on attitude on e-commerce. Furthermore, we find that consumer purchase attitude significantly influence purchasing intention. Finally, we prove that purchasing intention also significantly influences consumer loyalty. The contribution of this study has proven that brand image affects consumers' purchasing attitude.
IntroductionAbnormal pigmentation following cutaneous injury causes significant patient distress and represents a barrier to recovery. Wound depth and patient characteristics influence scar pigmentation. However, we know little about the pathophysiology leading to hyperpigmentation in healed shallow wounds and hypopigmentation in deep dermal wound scars. We sought to determine whether dermal fibroblast signaling influences melanocyte responses.Methods and MaterialsEpidermal melanocytes from three Caucasians and three African-Americans were genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the entire genome. Melanocyte genetic profiles were determined using principal component analysis. We assessed melanocyte phenotype and gene expression in response to dermal fibroblast-conditioned medium and determined potential mesenchymal mediators by proteome profiling the fibroblast-conditioned medium.ResultsSix melanocyte samples demonstrated significant variability in phenotype and gene expression at baseline and in response to fibroblast-conditioned medium. Genetic profiling for SNPs in receptors for 13 identified soluble fibroblast-secreted mediators demonstrated considerable heterogeneity, potentially explaining the variable melanocyte responses to fibroblast-conditioned medium.DiscussionOur data suggest that melanocytes respond to dermal fibroblast-derived mediators independent of keratinocytes and raise the possibility that mesenchymal-epidermal interactions influence skin pigmentation during cutaneous scarring.
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