Background and Objectives: Globorisk is a well-validated risk prediction model that predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the national population of all countries. We aim to apply the Globorisk calculator and provide the overall, sex-specific, ethnic-specific, region-specific, and state-specific 10-year risk for CVD among Malaysian adults. Materials and Methods: Using Malaysia’s risk factor levels and CVD event rates, we calculated the laboratory-based and office-based risk scores to predict the 10-year risk for fatal CVD and fatal plus non-fatal CVD for the Malaysian adult population. We analysed data from 8253 participants from the 2015 nationwide Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS 2015). The average risk for the 10-year fatal and fatal plus non-fatal CVD was calculated, and participants were further grouped into four categories: low risk (<10% risk for CVD), high risk A (≥10%), high risk B (≥20%), and high risk C (≥30%). Results: Results were reported for all participants and were then stratified by sex, ethnicity, region, and state. The average risks for laboratory-based fatal CVD, laboratory-based fatal plus non-fatal CVD, and office-based fatal plus non-fatal CVD were 0.07 (SD = 0.10), 0.14 (SD = 0.12), and 0.11 (SD = 0.09), respectively. Conclusions: There were substantial differences in terms of the sex-, ethnicity- and state-specific Globorisk risk scores obtained.
Background: Understanding the risks of COVID-19 mortality helps in the planning and prevention of the disease. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for COVID-19 mortality in Malaysia. Methods: Secondary online data provided by the Ministry of Health, Malaysia and Malaysia’s national COVID-19 immunisation programme were used: i) COVID-19 deaths data; ii) vaccination coverage data and iii) population estimate data. Quasi-Poisson regression was performed to determine the risk factors for COVID-19 mortality. Results: Four risk factors were identified: i) vaccination status (partial versus unvaccinated, incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.64; complete versus unvaccinated, IRR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.56; booster versus unvaccinated, IRR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.26); ii) age group (19 years old–59 years old versus above 60 years old, IRR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.97; 13 years old–18 years old versus above 60 years old, IRR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.19; 6 years old–12 years old versus above 60 years old, IRR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.22; below 5 years old versus above 60 years old, IRR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.23); iii) gender (male versus female, IRR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.32) and iv) comorbidity (yes versus no, IRR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.96, 2.32). Conclusion: This study highlighted the risk factors for COVID-19 mortality and the benefit of COVID-19 vaccination, especially of booster vaccination, in reducing the risk of COVID-19 mortality in Malaysia.
In December 2019, the first cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) were detected in Wuhan, China. Since then, COVID-19 begun to spread rapidly all over the world. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organisation declared COVID-19 a pandemic. As of September 7, 2021, there were over 220 million confirmed COVID-19 cases globally, with more than 4.6 million deaths. Malaysia reported 2,067,327 confirmed cases with 22,743 deaths. Given the severity of the pandemic, the Ministry of Health Malaysia has stepped up in its efforts in handling the pandemic locally by sharing the COVID-19 related data on the GitHub, enabling transparent data sharing. This enables timely data analysis and quick decision to better understand the COVID-19 situation in this country. This article aims to provide a quick analysis of the death and vaccination data provided by the Malaysian Ministry of Health and to provide useful insight into the analysis.
Globorisk is a novel risk prediction model that predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the national population of all world countries. Using Malaysia's risk factor levels and CVD event rates, we calculated the laboratory-based and office-based risk scores to predict the 10-year risk for fatal CVD and fatal plus non-fatal CVD for the Malaysian adult population. We analysed data from 8253 participants from the 2015 nationwide Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS 2015). The average risk for the 10-year fatal and fatal plus non-fatal CVD was calculated, and participants were further grouped into four categories: Low Risk (<10% risk for CVD), High-Risk A (≥10%), High-Risk B (≥20%) and High-Risk C (≥30%). Results were reported for all participants and were then stratified by sex, race, region, and state. The average risks for laboratory-based fatal CVD, laboratory-based fatal plus non-fatal CVD and office-based fatal plus non-fatal CVD were 0.07 (SD = 0.10), 0.14 (SD = 0.12) and 0.11 (SD = 0.09), respectively. There were substantial differences in terms of the sex-, race- and state-specific Globorisk risk scores obtained.
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