MPXV from infected deer mice. Overall, shedding, as suggested by the presence of MPXV DNA in swab extracts, was readily detectable in deer mice inoculated with either clade II virus at day 4, but we noted decreasing levels of positivity by day 10. Shedding of MPXV/V79-1-005 (clade 1) was far less than that of either of the clade II viruses we evaluated (Table ).Our study suggests that these rodents may support a short-term but abortive infection with at least clade II MPXV isolates, although with limited capacity to spread. Given the short duration of infection, these animals probably do not represent a viable enzootic reservoir for MPXV. Further studies should be conducted on other rodents in North America and Europe to assess their competency as vectors or reservoirs of MPXV. Particular interest should be given to Rattus species rodents that may frequently come into contact with medical waste containing viable MPXV.
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