Functional septoplasty has no effect on the facial growth of ferrets.

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OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the clinical and histopathological factors associated with intestinal hemorrhage and its correlation with clinical outcomes in neonates with surgical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). METHODS: A retrospective study compared clinical and histopathology information in neonates following surgical NEC with severe hemorrhage and those with mild/moderate hemorrhagic lesions seen on resected intestine pathology. RESULTS: The infants with severe hemorrhage (Grade 3-4, 81/148, 54.7%) had significantly lower exposure to antenatal steroids (52.5 % vs 76.9 % ; p = 0.004), had higher gestational age (28.5 weeks [7.14] vs. 26.58 [2.90]; p = 0.034), lost more bowel length (p = 0.045), had higher CRP levels at 2 weeks (p = 0.035), and had less intestinal failure ([30.3 % vs 52.5 %]; p = 0.014) than mild/moderate (Grade 0–2, 67/148, 45.2%) hemorrhage group. Those with severe hemorrhage had significantly higher mean inflammation score (2.67 [0.94] vs. 1.63 [0.92]; p = <0.001), higher necrosis scores (1.95 [1.28] vs. 1.49 [1.35]; p = 0.037), higher neovascularization (p = 0.01), higher fibroblasts (p = 0.023) and higher lymphocyte percentages up to 48 hours (p <  0.05) following NEC than mild/ moderate hemorrhage group. On multivariable regression, less exposure to antenatal steroids (OR 0.18 [95% CI 0.05–0.58]; p = 0.005), higher inflammation (OR 3.7 [95% CI 2.09–7.32]; p = 0.001), and lymphocyte count on the day of onset/24 hours following NEC (OR 1.06 [95% CI 1.02–1.11]; p = 0.005) were independently associated with a higher odd of severe intestinal hemorrhage. CONCLUSION: The surgical NEC infants with intestinal hemorrhage were less likely to have antenatal steroid exposure but had higher inflammation grade and lymphocyte counts following NEC onset on multivariable regression modeling.

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The clinical features of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are variable, but the majority of patients experience mild flu-like symptoms. The cases of severe disease include complications such as progressive pneumonia, acute kidney injury, multi-organ failure, and even death. This paper explores the association between COVID-19 and its effect on multiple organ systems and how the subsequent treatment of this disease can itself lead to morbidity and mortality. We present a case which emphasizes the life threatening gastrointestinal complications associated with treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a patient with COVID-19. We conclude that the patients whose treatment regimens utilize medical resins should be closely monitored for gastrointestinal complications so as to mitigate the known adverse effects associated with these drugs, such as colonic mucosal ulceration, perforation, or even death.

Context.— Specimen quality is paramount for microbiology culture in order to ensure the testing is performed appropriately and the results, generated accurately, reflect the patient's clinical situation and guide proper treatment. Several factors play a critical role in guaranteeing the accuracy of the culture results, including adequate specimen collection by the surgeon, proper labeling, and timely transport to the laboratory. Objective.— To educate pathologists, surgeons, and other medical personnel involved in the collection and processing of surgical specimens submitted for microbiologic culture. To assure the pathogen is correctly identified, proper protocols must be followed. The accurate identification of the infectious microorganisms from surgical specimens is vital for the treating clinician to ensure the correct antimicrobial therapy is administered. Data Sources.— An analysis of relevant literature was performed by using PubMed. Articles were selected on the basis of their relevance to the topic as well as their date of publication. Articles published between 2000 and 2018 were deemed sufficient for inclusion, while older references, regardless of relevance, were excluded. Conclusions.— The process of properly obtaining specimens for microbiology culture from the operating room is a complex process that requires collaboration between the collecting surgeon and the pathologist and microbiology laboratory in order to provide the highest quality of results from which important treatment decisions are then implemented. Engaging leadership to develop mutually agreed-upon institutional best practices will help not only to standardize practices but also to improve the quality of microbiology results reported.