Sixty-eight alcoholic beverages ranging in alcoholic degree between 40 and 55 from different countries were analyzed for their 16 most abundant metal elements using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy. The results were analyzed statistically using two different types of analytical methods: canonical discriminant analysis and classification binary trees. The aim of this study was to investigate which of the metals analyzed constitute diagnostic parameters that establish authenticity of the traditional Cypriot spirit zivania. The two statistical methods revealed that Mg, Zn, and Cu are promising distinctive parameters capable of differentiating zivania from other spirits similar in alcoholic degree. It is believed that this differentiation in metals between the alcoholic beverages examined is related to the unique geological and climatic conditions existing on the island of Cyprus.

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The concept of chloro/methyl group interchange as a tool in crystal engineering is discussed with respect to derivatives of 2-benzyl-5-benzylidenecyclopentanone (1-4). A study of the mixed crystals containing either 1 and 2 (X) or 3 and 4 (Y) demonstrates that molecules which otherwise crystallize into photostable crystal structures may be incorporated into a light-sensitive form. Furthermore, such mixed crystals are demonstrated (using four-circle diffractometry) to undergo single-crystal --* single-crystal reaction with the formation of the product dimer molecules identified within the reactant lattice. The final R for X is 0.0418, for Y it is 0.0578, and for irradiated X it is 0.0394.It is clear that the controlled variation of the substituent groups present on an organic molecule may allow subsequent crystalli-zation into particular and desired packing arrangements2. One particular strategy for this so-called crystal-engineering concept 0002-7863/84/ 1506-3606$01Supplementary Material Available: Tables of final atomic parameters and lists of bond lengths, bond angles, and observed and calculated structure factors (33 pages). Ordering information is given on any current masthead page. 53-0. (1 1) Swiatkiewicz, J.; Eisenhardt, G.; Prasad, P. N.; Thomas, J. M.; Jones, W.; Theocharis, C. R.

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Molecules that are photostable in the solid state can be rendered photoactive if, by burial within crystals of closely analogous monomers, they can be made to mimic the molecular conformation of the latter; this fact is demonstrated for a pair of cyclopentanone derivatives, and the general significance of this result in solid-state synthesis is discussed.

In 42 alcoholic beverages produced in Cyprus and other countries, 26 chemical and physical-chemical variables were determined by HPLC and GC chromatography, (1)H NMR and ICP spectroscopy, and other techniques. Data were processed using multivariate chemometric techniques, involving principal component analysis, cluster analysis, regularized discriminant analysis, and classification and regression trees. Zivania can be differentiated from beverages from other countries. Using 2- and 3-methyl-butanol, 2-methyl-propanol, furfural, methanol, and the alcoholic grade and the chemical shift of -CH(3) in (1)H NMR spectra as features, a nearly correct classification for zivania was achieved. The reasons for diversions are given.

The effect of exposure of Wyoming bentonite to glacial acetic acid has been studied by F.t.i.r., X.p.s, SEM and acidity measurements, in order to investigate the possibility of using such a non-aqueous technique as an alternative activation process. Treatment with glacial acetic acid, results in an overall increase in the concentration of acid sites. However, the number of Brarnsted sites is reduced, whereas the population of Lewis sites increases. This change is accompanied by the leaching out of A13+, but with no extensive loss of crystallinity. Treatment with mineral acids results in an increase in Bronsted acidity.

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