In digital image forensics, estimating the color filter array (CFA) pattern can be useful for digital camera identification. In this paper, we proposed the new method to estimate the CFA pattern of the digital cameras from a single image. Our method is based on the basic principal of CFA interpolation which fills an empty pixel using neighbor pixels. For each channel, we define the specific neighbor pattern and count the intermediate values. The CFA pattern is estimated by utilizing this counting information of three channels. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves high accuracy with various camera models and CFA interpolation algorithms.

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The texture of cold-rolled aluminum sheet has been known to vary through thickness due to inhomogeneous deformation, which can be caused by a characteristic deformation zone geometry and friction between materials and rolls during rolling. The copper texture is obtained in the center layer, which is plane strain compressed, while the shear texture is in the surface layer, which is approximated by major {001}͗110͘ and minor {111}͗112͘ and {111}͗110͘ components. The recrystallization texture of the surface layer is approximated by {225}͗10 5 2͘. The evolution of the recrystallization texture has been explained by the maximum energy release theory, in which the absolute maximum normal stress direction in the deformed state becomes parallel to the minimum elastic modulus direction of the recrystallized grains.

This study examines the relationship between high school newspaper or yearbook experience and performance on ACT standardized tests and college courses/tests. Journalism students had significantly higher scores in 14 of17 academic comparisons.

To better understand the worth of high school publications experiences, this study examines minority high school journalism students as compared with non-journalism minority students. Using data gathered in ACT pre-college standardized tests and results of collegiate performance, researchers found that journalism minority students outperformed non-journalism minority students in twelve of fifteen major academic comparisons. For this study, 5,369 minority students were studied from a national database. Of those, 993 (18.5%) had served on the staff of a high school newspaper or yearbook.

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