Based on the advantages of polymer materials over other materials, rotors which are made of the polymer material, are the functional elements of the rotor-assembled strand, and rotate under certain mass flow rate to obtain heat transfer enhancement and online automatic cleaning. The paper carried out numerical studies on heat transfer and friction loss characteristics of the tube fitted with rotors of different spaces. The comparison of the field synergy angle between plain tube and the tube fitted with rotors was also presented in the paper. The numerical data had good agreement with the experimental data. The numerical studies indicated that the field synergy angle of the rotors inserted tube were significantly smaller than that of the plain tube, which validated that the rotors could significantly enhance heat transfer process and had a better comprehensive performance of heat transfer enhancement though extra friction loss was generated. In addition, both the Nusselt number and friction factor of the tube fitted with rotors increased with the increasing space between rotors; the thermal performance factor of the rotors were all higher than 1, which validated the heat transfer enhancement function of the rotors; meanwhile, the thermal performance factor increased with the space between rotors.
As an economical, resultful and direct method, finite element method has been used broadly to simulate tire performance. However, much of the published research shows few detail model or no material constants. It is difficult for readers to judge if the result is reliable. To ensure simulation results are credible, the material constants, simulation model and analysis method must be dependable. In the current work, the three-dimensional radial tire models, finite element models of free and ground-touching tires, were built and showed in detail. The material constants measured from experiments in a tire factory were published. Using the well-known finite element simulation software ANSYS, the current research found some interesting results which will be presented in Part II.
A simplified 3D model of a rotational molding machine oven was built, and a numerical investigation was carried out with the RNG k-ε approach in FLUENT. Since the temperature field in the original oven structure was distributed unevenly, three types of reformed designs were proposed and numerically studied. Results showed that by changing the inclined angle of inlet flow to 30° downward, hot air flowed onto the mold surface directly, the temperature field around the mold became more uniform but temperature in the bottom of the mold was still a little bit low. By changing the inclined angle of hot air to 30° downward and 45° rightward and leftward, or by changing both the cross sectional dimension of the inlet to 900mm×400mm and the inclined angle of hot air to 30° downward, the temperature field became more uniform and the average temperature around the mold remained relatively high, these two reformed designs were effective with good feasibility and economic efficiency, which could be considered in the future design of rotational molding machine.
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