Background:Ionizing radiation is a potent mutagenic agent capable of inducing both mutation and chromosomal aberrations. Non-lethal doses of ionizing radiation may induce genomic instability favoring carcinogenesis. In spite of their mutagenic potential, this kind of radiation is an important tool for diagnosis of the disease and is used in medical and dental practice. It has been believed that the number of micronucleus and increased frequency of other nuclear alterations, including karyorrhexis, condensed chromatin and pyknosis, are related to the increasing effects of carcinogens. Many approaches and techniques have been developed for the monitoring of human populations exposed to various mutagens, but the analysis of micronuclei (MN) has become a standard approach for the assessment of chromosomal damage in human populations.Aim:To assess the effects of radiation exposure from panoramic radiography on the buccal epithelial cells (BECs) of pediatric patients.Materials and Methods:The study included 20 pediatric patients who had to undergo panoramic radiography for further dental treatment. Exfoliated BECs were obtained and examined immediately before and 10 days after radiation exposure. The cells were stained using rapid Papanicolaou (PAP) kit. Evaluation for MN and nuclear alterations was carried out by an oral pathologist and data were statistically analyzed using the “t” test.Results:The mean number of MN in the BECs before exposure of pediatric patients to panoramic radiography was 4.25 and after exposure was 4.40. This difference was not found to be statistically significant (P < 0.0001). However, the mean nuclear alterations of 8.70 and 15.75 before and after exposure were statistically significant (P < 0.0001).Conclusion:Panoramic radiographs can induce cytotoxicity but not genotoxic effects in buccal mucosal cells. Hence, dental radiographs should be prescribed only when deemed indispensable.
Lichen planus is a chronic autoimmune, mucocutaneous disease, which can affect the oral mucosa, skin, genital mucosa, scalp and nails, and commonly seen in adults. Childhood lichen planus is a rare entity, which is characterized by skin lesions with the oral involvement being extremely uncommon. There are only a few reports on this subject in the literature. Early and correct diagnosis with adequate management is very important to avoid further complications as it is a pre-malignant condition. Herewith, we report a seven-year-old girl having erosive oral lichen planus with cutaneous involvement, which responded well to the treatment. This is to add another case of lichen planus in a child and to emphasize its consideration in the differential diagnosis of oral mucosal red and white lesions in children.
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