The development of rapid and reliable processes for the synthesis of nanosized materials is of great importance in the field of nanotechnology. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using microorganism have been reported, but the process is rather slow. In this paper, we describe a novel combinatorial synthesis approach which is rapid, simple and “green” for the synthesis of metallic nanostructures of noble metals such as silver (Ag), by using a combination of culture supernatanant ofBacillus subtilisand microwave (MW) irradiation in water in absence of a surfactant or soft template. It was found that exposure of culture supernatanant ofBacillus subtilisand microwave irradiation to silver ion lead to the formation of silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles were in the range of 5-60 nm in dimension. The nanoparticles were examined using UV-Visible Spectroscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analyses. The formation of nanoparticles by this method is extremely rapid, requires no toxic chemicals and the nanoparticles are stable for several months. The main conclusion is that the bio-reduction method to produce nanoparticles is a good alternative to the electrochemical methods.

No abstract

Autogenous posterolateral arthrodesis combined with pedicle screw fixation led to successful radiologic and clinical outcome in patients with lumbar adjacent instability. Adequate decompression of the adjacent stenosis requires medial facetectomy, thus preventing aggressive nerve root manipulation and reducing the incidence of dural tear.

PEGDA hydrogel was approved as an adequate matrix for the encapsulation of cells and signal factor, and as an effective local delivery method to the tendon-bone interface through injection and photopolymerization. The PPCs-BMP2-hydrogel provides a powerful inductive ability between the tendon and the bone and enhances tendon-bone healing through the neoformation of fibrocartilage.

No abstract

This complication is rare and likely to occur in treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fracture with avascular necrosis and anterior cortical defect.

Analytical results demonstrate that instrumented PLIF after laminectomy in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis is an effective and safe procedure.

Computed tomography image-guided surgery (CTGS) clearly improves the accuracy of pedicle screw insertion. Recent reports claim that a fluoroscopy-guided system (FGS) offered high accuracy and easy application. However, the superiority of either technique remains unclear in clinical application. This study compares the accuracy of pedicle screws installed using CTGS with that of screws installed using FGS. Seventy-four screws inserted using FGS in 13 patients and 76 screws inserted using CTGS in 11 patients were compared. The study population included ten cases of vertebral fracture, five cases of degenerative spondylolisthesis, three cases of spondylolytic spondylolisthesis, two cases of tuberculous spondylitis, two cases of failed earlier back surgery and two case of ankylosing spondylitis with pseudarthrosis. The installed vertebral levels ranged from T8 to S1. Screw positions were assessed with postoperative radiographs and computed tomography. Sixty-nine (93.2%) screws were correctly placed in the FGS group, and seventy-three (96.1%) screws were correctly placed in the CTGS group (P=0.491). The results indicated that both image-guided systems offer high accuracy. However, the fluoroscope image-guided system could be considered the primary tool for lower thoracic and lumbosacral pedicle placement because it enables real-time navigation and does not require a preoperative CT scan.Résumé La chirurgie assistée par imagerie (CTGS) permet d'avoir une meilleure sécurité lors de l'implantation de vis pediculaires. Des articles récents montrent que le système avec amplificateur de brillance (fluoroscopie FGS) permet également cette implantation. Cependant, la supériorité d'une technique ou d'une autre n'apparaît pas clairement. Le but de cette étude est de comparer la bonne implantation des vis pediculaires en utilisant les deux systèmes. 74 vis ont été insérées avec le système FGS chez 13 patients et 66 vis avec le système CTGS chez 11 patients. Ces deux séries ont été comparées. Cette étude inclut 10 cas de fractures vertébrales, 5 cas de spondylolisthésis dégénératifs, 3 cas de spondylolisthésis avec spondylolyse, à 2 cas d'atteintes tuberculeuses, 2 cas d'échec de chirurgie par voie postérieure et 2 cas de spondylarthrite ankylosante avec pseudarthrose. Les niveaux d'instrumentation se sont échelonnés de T8 à S1. 69 (93.2%) vis ont été correctement mises en place dans le groupe FGS et, 73 (96.1%) avec le groupe CTGS (P=0.491). Les résultats montrent que le système d'images guidées CTGS offre beaucoup plus de sécurité dans l'implantation des vis tant au niveau lombaire qu'au niveau thoracique ou lombosacré ceci ne nécessite pas par ailleurs un scanner pré opératoire.