A novel quantitative liver function test is described which is based on monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) formation after lidocaine bolus injection. Following the administration of small single doses of lidocaine hydrochloride (l mg/kg), monoethylglycinexylidide serum concentration-time curves were determined by a novel highly sensitive fluorescence Polarisation immunoassay (FPIA) in healthy volunteers, liver donors and patients with liver cirrhosis. The FPIA allowed rapid and reliable monoethylglycinexylidide determinations in serum and urine (between-days coefficient of Variation: < 10.3%, recovery: 80-113%). Monoethylglyci-1 Preliminary results of this study were presented at the Third Meeting of the German Association för the Study of the Liver in
For skin carcinoma there are changes in T categories and in the regional lymph node classification. Several high risk features are enumerated that could have prognostic relevance. A new classification for Merkel cell carcinoma has been introduced, which has some features of the carcinoma and some of the melanoma classifications. The skin melanoma classification remains unchanged from TNM 6.
The TNM system is used to describe and classify cancer stages and progression based on the assessment of three components: T The extent of the primary tumour N The absence or presence and extent of regional lymph node metastasis M The absence or presence of distant metastasis. TNM classification for the above site is described under the following headings: Rules for classification with the procedures for assessing T, N, and M categories; additional methods may be used when they enhance the accuracy of appraisal before treatment Anatomical sites and subsites where appropriate Definition of the regional lymph nodes TNM Clinical classification pTNM Pathological classification G Histopathological grading Stage grouping Summary
The cardiac involvement of previously undiagnosed systemic sarcoidosis was the cause of sudden death. In case of ECG changes of unknown cause in persons without a history of structural cardiac disease sarcoidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
The diabetic embryopathy syndrome comprises a number of developmental anomalies among fetuses of diabetic mothers. Fetopathia diabetica, on the other hand, is characterized by typical, hormonal, and metabolic dysfunctions and their morphological sequelae in fetuses and offsprings of diabetic mothers. We observed the combination of both these conditions in an immature stillborn fetus. The 34 year-old diabetic mother, who had been treated by insulin since age 16, was first seen at 27 weeks of gestation. Sonography revealed severe congenital malformations of the fetus, and a late abortion was induced. The stillborn female revealed the typical congenital malformations of the diabetic embryopathy syndrome, such as abnormalities of face and skull, skeletal malformations of the thorax, spine, and lower extremities, and malformations of the heart, great vessels and the genitourinary system. We, too, found the characteristic features of fetopathia diabetica, i.e. obesity, macrosomia, increased weight and size of the internal organs, polynesia and macronesia of the pancreas, increased extramedullary hematopoiesis and cellular depletion of lymphoid tissues. A review of the literature revealed various hypotheses about the etiology and pathogenesis of both conditions.
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