Five new cladiellane diterpenes, (1R*,2R*,3R*,6S*,7S*,9R*,10R*,14R*)-3- acetoxy-6-(3-methylbutanoyloxy)cladiell-11(17)-en-7-ol [2], (1R*,2R*,3R*,6S*,7S*,9R*, 10R*,14R*)-3-butanoyloxycladiell-11(17)-en-6,7-diol [3], (1R*,2R*,3R*,6S*,9R*,10R*,14R*)-3-acetoxycladiell-7(16),11(1 7)-dien-6-ol [4], 3-acetoxycladiell-11(17)-en-6-one [5], and its stereoisomer [6], have been isolated from the soft coral Cladiella australis collected on the coasts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of the Indian Ocean. In addition, sclerophytins C [7] and E [8], reported earlier from Sclerophytum capitalis, were also isolated. The structures of these metabolites were elucidated by interpretation of spectral data.

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An overview of state of art in computerized object recognition techniques regarding digital images is revised. Advantages of shape based techniques are discussed. Importance of -Fourier Descriptor‖ (FD) for the shape based object representation is described. A survey for the available shape signature assignment methods with Fourier descriptors is presented. Details for the design of shape signature containing the crucial information of corners of the object are depicted. A novel shape signature is designed basing on the Farthest Point Angle (FPA) which corresponds to the contour point. FPA signature considers the computation of the angle between the line drawn from each contour point and the line drawn from the farthest corner point. Histogram for each 15o angle conceiving the information of the object is constructed. FPA signature is evaluated for three standard databases; viz., two in Kimia {K-99, K-216} and one in MPEG CE-1 Set B. The performance of the present FPA method estimated through recognition rate, time and degree of matching and is found to be higher.

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Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the attenuating complications of diabetes mellitus. The key gene responsible for causing diabetic retinopathy is protein kinase C beta (PKCβ). Protein kinase C is a family of protein kinase enzymes which are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through phosphorylation mechanism and plays a crucial role in signal transduction mechanisms. Among all the PKC isoenzymes, PKCβ could be a significant isoenzyme involved in vascular dysfunction during hyperglycemia. Studies show that oral administration of PKCβ inhibitor Ruboxistaurin (LY333531), decreases vessel permeability and improves retinal condition. Thus compounds that decrease the PKCβ activation would be helpful in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. The compounds similar to Ruboxistaurin are taken from Super Target database and docking analysis was performed. Maleimide derivative 3 showed highest binding affinities compared to Ruboxistaurin and so we advise that compound may be utilized in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

The present paper aims at performance evaluation of Doubly Truncated Generalized Laplace Mixture Model and K-Means clustering (DTGLMM-K) for image analysis concerned to various practical applications like security, surveillance, medical diagnostics and other areas. Among the many algorithms designed and developed for image segmentation the dominance of Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) has been predominant which has the major drawback of suiting to a particular kind of data. Therefore the present work aims at development of DTGLMM-K algorithm which can be suitable for wide variety of applications and data. Performance evaluation of the developed algorithm has been donethrough various measures like Probabilistic Rand index (PRI), Global Consistency Error (GCE) and Variation of Information (VOI). During the current work case studies forvarious different images having pixel intensities has been carried out and the obtained results indicate the superiority of the developed algorithm for improved image segmentation.

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