Knitted medical stockings destined for the treatment of venous diseases must fulfill proper functions during wear, with some restrictions of criteria demanded by the raw material and the design parameters (including gradual compression and size). As the end use of the knitted stockings implies a complex of stresses applied in more than one direction, the grab method was used in an original way to assess the fabric behavior in three directions (wale, course and bias), with a few seconds time delay between tests. This testing method was applied in order to determine the capacity of medical compression hosiery to retain its designated gradual compression after repeated wearing—washing cycles. Additionally, the study revealed the manner of preservation of the gradual compression following the wearing—washing process, in connection with the patients’ physical dimensions for panty hosiery.
The study presents the preparation and characterization of new scaffolds based on bacterial cellulose and keratin hydrogel which were seeded with adipose stem cells. The bacterial cellulose was obtained by developing an Acetobacter xylinum culture and was visualized using SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and elementally determined through EDAX (dispersive X-ray analysis) tests. Keratin species (β–keratose and γ-keratose) was extracted by hydrolytic degradation from non-dyed human hair. SEM, EDAX and conductometric titration tests were performed for physical–chemical and morphological evaluation. Cytocompatibility tests performed in vitro confirmed the material non-toxic effect on cells. The scaffolds, with and without stem cells, were grafted on the burned wounds on the rabbit’s dorsal region and the grafts were monitored for 21 days after the application on the wounds. The clinical monitoring of the grafts and the histopathological examination demonstrated the regenerative potential of the bacterial cellulose–keratin scaffolds, under the test conditions.
Tissue engineering as an interdisciplinary field implies fibrous polymers as extracellular matrix as biologic support. The paper is a review on basic lines of the answer of textiles items at the biologic complex action. One carries out the evolution usage of the following polysaccharide supports: cellulose, gellan, pullulan, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, as well the collagen as a protein representative for a potential usage in an extracellular matrix. One presents the advantages and drawbacks adjusted to an online system and to new procedures available to develop a biologic structure on a textile support according with the main achievements reported in the literature of last years.
In this study, systematic adsorption tests were carried out using Co/gama-Al2O3 adsorbents of different compositions for removal of Reactive Blue 19 dye from aqueous solutions. The adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-Ray powder diffraction, diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy and EDX analysis. The influences of several parameters such as pH, adsorbent concentration, adsorption time and dye concentration on the adsorption capacity of g-Al2O3 and Co/g-Al2O3 were investigated. The obtained results indicate that the adsorption is strongly dependent on the solution pH. The maximum adsorption capacity of the Reactive blue 19 dye onto Co/gama-Al2O3 takes place at around pH 2. The adsorption process is fast in the first minutes (95% from the amount of dye being removed after 6 minutes).
The work presents chemical procedures used to obtain a film or a hydrogel after hydrolyze treatment of hair at the temperature of 150oC and the pressure of 4.9 atm. In order to obtain the hydrogel, this treatment is followed by a stage of oxidation with hydrogen peroxide, and a stage of reduction with Na2S2O4 or, in another variant, a stage of oxidation with hydrogen peroxide and a treatment with NaOH in alcoholic medium, to form natrium cationic groups. The protein chains with sulphonic groups and natrium cations determine opposite electrostatic interactions, with the formation of a polymer loop that incorporate water. The evaluation of formed hydrogel was carried out by determining the swelling degree. We have used optical and SEM photomicrographs to determine morphological organization, and EDAX micropictures for chemical modifications. A cellulose film realized by growing Gluconoacetobacter xylinus bacteria was used as control sample.
3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl acrylate obtained by the esterification of epichlorohydrin with acrylic acid in the presence of zirconium silicate as a catalyst was used for grafting of the polyester fabric in order to improve some of its properties. The grafting was performed in the presence of (NH 4) 2 S 2 O 8 as a polymerization initiator. The grafted samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses. The effect of grafting on the comfort indices (hygroscopicity and vapor permeability) and the tinctorial properties (color intensity and dyeing fastness) were analyzed. Further addition of AgNO 3 in the final reaction mixture used for grafting of polyester fabric confers antibacterial effect to the treated samples. The properties of the polyester fabric were highly improved by grafting with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl acrylate.
The concept of ‘environmental awareness’ has recently had a major impact on the textile industry and on the fashion world as well. In this context, the use of natural fibres and the development of natural dyeing processes gradually became important goals of the textile industry. Of all natural textile fibres, hemp is considered to be one of the strongest and most durable. A wide range of natural extracts have been used for natural textile coloration and dyeing. Dyes deriving from natural sources have emerged as an important alternative to synthetic dyes. Ecofriendly, nontoxic, sustainable and renewable natural dyes and pigments have been used for colouring the food substrate, leather, wood, natural fibres and fabrics from the dawn of human history. The purpose of the research is to obtain ecologically coloured fabrics for textiles by using a method of dyeing that relies on natural ingredients extracted from red beet, onion leaves and black tea. The experiments are conducted on three different types of hemp fabrics. This paper presents the results of the studies regarding the dyeing process of hemp fabrics with natural extracts, the colours of the dyed samples inspected with reflectance spectra and the CIE L*a*b* colour space measurements.
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