IntroductionSuccessful emotion regulation (ER) is critical for psychological health. Disturbances in this ability are associated with several psychiatric disorders. There are several self-report questionnaires to assess ER. However, there are no studies synthesising the evidence on their psychometric properties. We aim to identify all available instruments addressing ER in adolescents or adults and to critically appraise, compare and summarise the quality of their psychometric properties. For this, we will use COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) criteria.Method and analysisThe search process to identify eligible studies will be conducted in April 2021 including the ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases with no restriction in terms of publication date. Eligibility criteria include peer-reviewed research articles written in English or Spanish by means of patient-reported outcome measures focused on ER among participants of 13 years or older. We will assess the quality of measures according to the COSMIN Risk of Bias Checklist. The psychometric properties will be assessed by the COSMIN updated criteria for good measurement. The available evidence will be addressed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations approach. Our findings will be synthesised independently for each measure, including information on their sample, theoretical model and psychometric properties when possible.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required, as this study does not involve any participants or collection of primary data. Results are expected to be published in a peer-reviewed journal in the field of youth mental health and presented at relevant meetings and conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021249498.

Effect sizes are highly relevant in quantitative research. They facilitate the comparison an quantitative synthesis of scientific studies. The main objective of this report is to present: a) a brief summary of the formulas used for conversion between the three main effect sizes used in the meta-analysis: the correlation coefficient, the standardized mean difference and the odds ratio; and b) the Rapid Effect Size Converter for Meta-Analysis (rESCMA), a open-source and browser-based app for efficiently converting and bulk-converting effect sizes and their variances based on the formulas proposed in this paper. In addition, a table summarizing the formulas is presented for easy accessibility and use.

Emotion regulation (ER) is associated with both healthy and unhealthy behavioral and affective responses, especially in adolescents. It is frequently assessed by self-report measures such as the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ERQ-CA), which has shown mixed psychometric properties when used in Spanish-speaking adolescents. The present study provides evidence for its validity and reliability in a sample of secondary students in Chile. Six-hundred and thirty-four students were recruited from ten educational institutions to complete the ERQ-CA, along with the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Skills Questionnaire (CBTSQ), the Suicide Ideation Questionnaire Junior (SIQ-JR), the Multidimensional Adolescent Functioning Scale (MAFS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Con rmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on the ERQ-CA for two-and single-factor models. Convergent and discriminant validity as well as measurement invariance were also tested. The original ERQ-CA two-factor structure showed the best model t and parsimony along with high internal consistency. It also demonstrated high convergent and discriminant validity, with reappraisal strategies positively correlating with cognitive-behavioral skills and psychosocial functioning and negatively with suicide ideation and depressive symptoms, while the opposite was true for suppression strategies. Partial scalar invariance was established when testing by biological sex (male/female) and psychiatric treatment history (past/current/no). We conclude that the ERQ-CA was found to be a valid and reliable self-report instrument for the assessment of ER strategies in secondary students, proving its utility as a research and clinical tool.

Prosocial behavior in childhood has been widely studied over the last decades. However, the cognitive processes underlying the development of these behaviors and how children understand each other are still not entirely clear. The concept of Theory of Mind (ToM) has become particularly relevant in the study of the development of social abilities in childhood. In this study, we hypothesize that the cognitive processes of first and second-order ToM are able to predict prosocial behaviors in a differentiated manner. A total of 40 children aged 3 to 7 years old (M = 5.075; SD = 1.248) were evaluated on different tasks to measure both ToM skills, as well as prosocial behaviors such as helping (Instrumental Help; IH) and cooperating (measured through Cooperative Problem Solving and Cooperative Gaming; CPS & CG respectively). Cooperative behavior-related tasks were performed under two conditions: Firstly, a condition of General Behavior (GB) where the task was performed normally. Then, a condition that included an Interruption Period (IP) where the task was abruptly interrupted to assess if the prosocial behavior was resumed autonomously by the child. Our findings enable us to propose a potential framework where first-order ToM predicts basic helping behaviors, while second-order ToM predicts more complex cooperative behaviors. These results also demonstrate that first and second-order ToM skills can differentially predict the complexity of children's prosocial behavior and that helping and cooperative behaviors could be regulated by differential processes.

Introduction Psychosocial functioning is closely associated with psychopathology and wellbeing in different populations, particularly adolescents. Despite its relevance, measures assessing psychosocial functioning in healthy adolescents are scant as most focus on adults or clinical populations. We evaluated the psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Adolescent Functioning Scale (MAFS), a self-report questionnaire created to assess three dimensions of psychosocial functioning (‘general functioning’, ‘family-related functioning’, and ‘peer-related functioning’) in adolescents from the general population. Methods After translation and cultural adaptation, we administered the Spanish MAFS to 619 adolescents aged 14 to 19. We assessed the factor structure, internal consistency, and associations with depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, cognitive-behavioral skills, cognitive reappraisal (CR), and expressive suppression (ES). We additionally tested for measurement invariance based on biological sex. Results The original three-factor structure showed the best fit. Internal consistency was good for the total scale (ω = 0.874; α = 0.869; GLB = 0.939, rM=0.216) and for all subscales (ω = 0.806-0.839; α = 0.769 to 0.812; GLB = 0.861-0.873). Correlations between all three MAFS subscales were significant, ranging between 0.291 and 0.554. All MAFS subscales correlated positively and significantly with cognitive-behavioral skills and adaptive regulatory strategies and negatively with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. Conclusion The Spanish MAFS translation is a valid and reliable self-report measure to assess three domains of psychosocial functioning in adolescents aged 14–19 from the general population.