The virtual world of the internet is increasingly present in society. However the accessibility to this world is not fully guaranteed in an inclusive way for those with special needs. In this study, we investigated the presence of accessibility tools considered of less complexity (increase of text font, navigation shortcuts and high contrast) in homepages of 97 Brazilian Educational Institutions including 38 Federal Institutes of Vocational Education, Science and Technology which were specialized in technical formation and 59 Federal Universities. The results of the Federal Institutes revealed that 12 of the 38 sites had none of the tools evaluated, which might hinder or prevent the access of those with special needs. The analysis also revealed the increase of text font as the tool with the highest incidence in the evaluated sites (26 of 38 sites). The universities analysis showed that 41 of the 59 sites evaluated did not have any of the tools analyzed and only the Federal University of Ceará showed all evaluated tools. According to our overall analysis, this is a global issue in several educational institutions who ignore the right of the people with special needs to access this educational virtual world. This lack of access may hugely compromise this people's life in a longer perspective so they should be remembered by those who have the control of these virtual environments. People with special needs may have a full and complete life, including in the virtual * Corresponding author. C. G. de Freitas et al. 2022 world of internet, if conditions of accessibility are offered and this is mandatory for educational institutions like those evaluated in this study.
Este estudo objetivou compreender as características da produção de farinha de mandioca no município de Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, situado na Amazônia Sul Ocidental. Neste município, que não possui ligação rodoviária permanente com o restante do Brasil, as casas de farinha possuem forte participação no fornecimento de emprego e renda para a população local. A coleta e a análise dos dados foram realizadas no mês de outubro de 2009. Utilizou-se o método descritivo com amostragem de pequenos produtores do município mediante aplicação de questionário por meio de entrevistas pessoais (MALHOTRA, 2001). O questionário abordou temas qualitativos e quantitativos, por meio de perguntas estruturadas, dicotômicas, de múltipla escolha e escalonadas. Além das entrevistas com os produtores, foi realizada entrevista com a coordenação local da Secretaria de Estado de Extensão Agroflorestal e Produção Familiar. Enfim, nos resultados da pesquisa, encontramos evidências da predominância de referências camponesas entre os valores que orientam o cultivo da mandioca, a produção de farinha e a forma de organização social e territorial estabelecida na região.
A Língua Brasileira de Sinais – LIBRAS é um instrumento de comunicação importante na vida do surdo e de especial relevância quando se trata de usufruir seus direitos como cidadão, em especial, o acesso à saúde. Apesar da importância, a LIBRAS ainda não faz parte da formação do profissional da área de saúde de forma que seja garantido nível de fluência necessária para essa comunicação. Como a extensa maioria dos profissionais de saúde, por não ter fluência ou mesmo conhecer libras, os profissionais de enfermagem usam como estratégia de comunicação: a) gestos, o que dificulta o processo de assistência e socorro imediato; e/ou b) conversa com um familiar ou acompanhante, o que contraria a pauta ética quanto ao sigilo inerente a todo ser humano. O atendimento médico à pessoa surda acaba por tornar-se um desafio, tanto para o profissional de saúde quanto para o próprio surdo, uma vez que o uso de linguagem verbal não existe e precisa ser substituído por outro mecanismo de comunicação. Além disso, a LIBRAS não apresenta diversos sinais na área médica, fazendo com que, mesmo com a presença de um intérprete ou familiar fluente nessa língua, parte da mensagem não seja decodificada a contento, o que resulta em consequências negativas no atendimento dessa população. A proposta deste estudo pauta-se na investigação da percepção dos futuros enfermeiros em relação ao conhecimento e uso da LIBRAS em sua futura profissão. Ainda que existindo uma lei sancionada que orienta a inclusão de libras em alguns cursos, inclusive no curso participante do estudo, os dados obtidos neste trabalho permitem observar a reflexão dos alunos sobre as dificuldades enfrentadas no ambiente profissional do enfermeiro no atendimento do surdo, especialmente quanto às informações prestadas pelo paciente e o entendimento por parte do profissional. Este estudo estimulou a identificação de problemas na comunicação entre o enfermeiro e o paciente surdo pelos alunos de enfermagem, apontando ainda para a necessidade da elaboração de novas diretrizes curriculares essenciais à formação do enfermeiro, do ponto de vista da inclusão social e melhoria da assistência na perspectiva da surdez.
The interpreters of Sign Language have an essential role in the education of deaf students in all countries including Brazil. They mediate the whole teaching and learning process as they are responsible for the communication between teachers and students. Due to their important role, their performance has direct implications in the student's academic success as well as in the process of their inclusion in the society, which begins at early age at school. In the present study we investigated the perception of Brazilian interpreters that work in a Federal Institute of education, science and technology in the northern region of Brazil. Thus we analyzed their opinion about different aspects involving their work with students with hearing disabilities in this institution. On that purpose we employed a quali-quantitative approach by using a questionnaire with structured and non-structured questions. According to the interpreters' point of view, some actions still have to be done to achieve the effective inclusion of students with hearing impairment in the educational institution evaluated. On that matter the work of interpreters should be more recognized as important for the teaching and learning process of deaf students leading to the improvement of their work conditions for attending them. These professionals also reported the importance of teachers learning sign language for improving the psychological aspects of these students and their perception of the institution acceptance.
Inclusive education has achieved considerable legal advances in the last thirty years, if before the so-called special schools were notably a single educational path for students with disabilities, today, and by legal force, there is a migration to regular schools with impact on enrollments. Our objective is to report the numerical rise of enrollments of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder -ASD, associating the current legal precepts, with emphasis on Law 12,764/2012, which deals with the National Policy for the Protection of the Rights of Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorder, to this; we collect education data at the state and municipal levels. But, mainly, from the Federal Institute of Acre -Ifac, Campus Rio Branco, since professional education presents humanist-technicalscientific assumptions that coincide with inclusion. The investigation has a qualitative approach, with an exploratory scope, the object of study consists of a case study, followed by a documental research allied to unsystematic and participant observation. Information collected from 2014 to 2018, in the State and City Hall. While at Ifac, these take place from 2016 to 2020, as previously there was no enrollment of a student with ASD at Campus Rio Branco. Among the results achieved, there is the expansion of enrollment of people with ASD strongly associated with legal protection within the Institute; the indices also reveal that, in addition to enrollment, they require new administrative and inclusive pedagogical procedures for the management and teaching staff working within professional education.
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