Trichilemmal cyst (TC) is an adnexal skin tumor that usually occurs on the scalp. There is a female dominance in this tumor. Proliferating pilar tumors or cysts arise from this lesion, and the clinical differential diagnosis from TCs must be taken because of aggressive behavior of proliferating pilar tumor. Trichilemmal cyst usually occurs in hair-bearing areas such as the neck, trunk, groin, and others. In this article, we report a case with giant TC involving the neck region.
The objective of the prospective study is to examine the laryngeal changes by laryngeal videostroboscopy and electromyography (EMG) regarding new-onset dysphonia in asthmatic patients taking inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Laryngeal changes and electrophysiological status of the laryngeal muscles were evaluated by these methods in 12 patients both at the time of presentation of dysphonia and after cessation of therapy. Laryngeal changes of our patients were mucosal edema, erythema, thickening, adduction deficit, nodule and irregularity in videostroboscopy. Significant correlations were found between laryngeal pathology and dosage and duration of ICS therapy. We detected myopathy by EMG in most of the patients. Also, EMG revealed that cricothyroid muscle was much more affected than thyroarytenoid muscle. In conclusion, we consider that steroid myopathy or mucosal inflammatory theory alone is not sufficient to explain the etiopathogenesis of dysphonia in asthmatic patients taking ICS. The laryngeal mucosal changes were detected by laryngeal videostroboscopic examination in some asthmatic patients, with dysphonia using ICS, and/or laryngeal myopathy was found by laryngeal EMG in some of them in this study. Thus, various factors may have role simultaneously in the occurrence of dysphonia.
Myxomas are benign mesenchymal tumors of uncertain etiology. Th ey can arise from odontogenic tissue, as well as from the sinonasal tract and from the facial and temporal bones, apparently from nonodontogenic mesenchyme. Although histologically benign, myxomas are locally invasive. Histopathology demonstrates a characteristically hypocellular lesion with loose stellate cells. We describe the case of a 48-year-old woman with a nonodontogenic maxillary sinus myxoma that invaded the sphenoid sinus and pterygopalatine fossa. We removed the mass via a combined endoscopic and gingivobuccal approach. Th e rarity of a nonodontogenic sinonasal myxoma extending into the sphenoid sinus and pterygopalatine fossa is the basis for our presentation of this case.
Acute tonsillitis is a common childhood disease, but repeated antibiotic treatment may fail, leading to tonsillectomy. Superficial swab cultures do not sufficiently represent the core bacteria present, but fine-needle aspiration may be a promising diagnostic method. We evaluated 58 patients undergoing tonsillectomy, and took superficial and core swabs, and fine-needle aspirations. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacterial pathogen identified, present in 26 out of 50 (52%) positive core cultures, followed by Haemophilus influenza in 13 positive core cultures (26%), and group A beta-haemolytic streptococci in 10 positive core cultures (20%). Fine-needle aspiration detected 33 out of 50 positive core cultures (66%), whereas superficial swab culture detected 18 of 50 (36%); the difference being statistically significant. All pathogens detected by superficial swabs and fine-needle aspiration were detected in core cultures. The sensitivity and specificity of fine-needle aspiration were 66% and 100%, respectively, compared with 36% and 100% for superficial swabs. Fine-needle aspiration is therefore a promising method for detecting core bacteria in patients with recurrent tonsillitis.
Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas in adults. Atypical lipomatous tumour (ALT) rarely occurs in the head and neck region. Histopathologic grade of these tumours affect prognosis of this disease. The mainstay of treatment for ALT is surgical excision. In this article, a case of a huge ALT arising from the head and neck region and invading nearly entire left hemi-facial region is presented. Clinical and histopathologic features and therapeutic approaches related to this tumour are discussed reviewing the literature.
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