There are numerous studies researching ways to alleviate injection pain for propofol. The most frequently used agent for this purpose has been lidocaine that is used before or with propofol [13][14][15]. There are also studies on the use of hypnotic agents (thiopental sodium, ketamine etc), opiates (alfentanil, sufentanil, remifentanil), dexmedetomidine, magnesium, nonsteroidal analgesic medication, antiemetics and physical applications such as cold packs to alleviate injection pain [13,14,[16][17][18][19][20][21].
In the same year, he began specialization education in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery in the Faculty of Medicine at Hacettepe University, becoming a specialist in 1979. After working for two years in that department, he was sent by Hacettepe University to England in April 1981. In London, he worked at the St. Thomas Hospital and the Ryne Institute. His colleagues in London did not want him to return to Turkey. They suggested he stay in London because patients from other countries would go to Turkey instead of England if he went back to Turkey. As a matter of fact, what they thought was true. He had many foreign patients. He returned to Turkey in October 1983 and was assigned as an assistant professor in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery in the Faculty of Medicine at Hacettepe University. He became an associate professor on April 9, 1986. He participated in studies related to cardiac transplantation at the University of Wisconsin in America in 1987. His colleagues also suggested that he should stay there. They told him that the Americans gave him a nickname, "Golden Boy," and if he had stayed, he would have been treated with honor, but he was determined to come back to Turkey. One year later, he returned to Hacettepe University and became a full professor on April 12, 1991. After November 7, 1995 he worked as the Head of the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery in the Faculty of Medicine at Hacettepe University. He performed approximately 16,000 open heart surgeries. He also performed tens of thousands of lung and vein surgeries. He educated many successful thoracic and cardiovascular surgeons. He carried out the first cardiac transplant at Hacettepe University, and he performed the first heterotopic heart transplant in Turkey. He published more than 100 articles in Turkish and international journals and presented more than 100 papers at various congresses. He was
Özet: Rejyonel intravenöz anestezide (RİVA) kullanılacak ideal ajan ile ilgili net bir yaklaşım yoktur. Lokal anestezik ajanlara çeşitli adjuvanlar eklenerek RİVA kalitesi artırılmaya ve lokal anestezik yan etkilerinden kaçınılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada RİVA sırasında lidokaine eklenen midazolamın blok kalitesi üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Üst ekstremite cerrahisi geçirecek yaşları 18-60 yaş arasındaki hastalar rastgele 2 gruba ayrıldı. Opere olacak kol yukarıya kaldırılarak venöz boşalma yapıldıktan sonra çift kaflı turnike yerleştirildi, turnikenin şişirilmesini takiben el sırtındaki venöz kanülden kontrol grubuna (Grup K) 40 ml volümde 3 mg/kg %2'lik lidokain, midazolam grubuna (Grup M) ise toplamda 40 ml volümde 3 mg/kg %2'lik lidokain içinde 50 μg/kg midazolam enjekte edildi. Turnike süresi, oluşan duyusal ve motor blok, duysal ve motor blok dönme zamanı, intraoperatif ağrı seviyesi ve postoperatif ilk analjezik ihtiyaç zamanı kayıt edildi.Turnike süresi ve intraoperatif ağrı seviyeleri açısından gruplar arasında fark saptanmadı. Duysal ve motor blok başlama zamanı Grup M'de daha kısa bulundu (p:0.000). Motor blok dönme zamanı Grup M'de daha kısa idi (p:0.003). Postoperatif ilk analjezik ihtiyaç zamanının Grup K'da daha önce olduğu gözlendi (Grup K:74.678, Grup M: 86.123 dakika). Lidokaine midazolam eklenerek uygulanan RİVA da herhangi bir yan etki ile karşılaşılmadan daha hızlı başlangıçlı bir anestezi ve analjezi elde edilmiştir.
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