We prove quenched versions of (i) a large deviations principle (LDP), (ii) a central limit theorem (CLT), and (iii) a local central limit theorem (LCLT) for non-autonomous dynamical systems. A key advance is the extension of the spectral method, commonly used in limit laws for deterministic maps, to the general random setting. We achieve this via multiplicative ergodic theory and the development of a general framework to control the regularity of Lyapunov exponents of twisted transfer operator cocycles with respect to a twist parameter. While some versions of the LDP and CLT have previously been proved with other techniques, the local central limit theorem is, to our knowledge, a completely new result, and one that demonstrates the strength of our method. Applications include non-autonomous (piecewise) expanding maps, defined by random compositions of the form T σ n−1 ω • · · · • T σω • T ω . An important aspect of our results is that we only assume ergodicity and invertibility of the random driving σ : Ω → Ω; in particular no expansivity or mixing properties are required.

Semi-invertible multiplicative ergodic theorems establish the existence of an Oseledets splitting for cocycles of non-invertible linear operators (such as transfer operators) over an invertible base. Using a constructive approach, we establish a semi-invertible multiplicative ergodic theorem that for the first time can be applied to the study of transfer operators associated to the composition of piecewise expanding interval maps randomly chosen from a set of cardinality of the continuum. We also give an application of the theorem to random compositions of perturbations of an expanding map in higher dimensions.

We obtain a quenched vector-valued almost sure invariance principle (ASIP) for large classes of random dynamical systems exhibiting some degree of hyperbolicity. More precisely, we consider random perturbations of a fixed Anosov diffeomorphism as well as random perturbations of a billiard map associated to the periodic Lorentz gas. We also deal with wide classes of piecewise expanding maps both in one and higher dimensions. Our proofs are based on a modification of the spectral method for establishing ASIP introduced by S. Gouëzel. Finally, by using martingale techniques, we revisit the quenched scalar-valued ASIP for random piecewise-expanding dynamics and improve the known error estimates.

We extend the recent spectral approach for quenched limit theorems developed for piecewise expanding dynamics under general random driving [9] to quenched random piecewise hyperbolic dynamics including some classes of billiards. For general ergodic sequences of maps in a neighbourhood of a hyperbolic map we prove a quenched large deviations principle (LDP), central limit theorem (CLT), and local central limit theorem (LCLT).

We consider a piecewise smooth expanding map on an interval which has two invariant subsets of positive Lebesgue measure and exactly two ergodic absolutely continuous invariant probability measures (ACIMs). When this system is perturbed slightly to make the invariant sets merge, we describe how the unique ACIM of the perturbed map can be approximated by a convex combination of the two initial ergodic ACIMs. The result is generalized to the case of finitely many invariant components.