Objective To describe working and employment conditions, and health status between non-agricultural employees with a written contract from Colombia, Argentina, Chile, Central America and Uruguay. Methods We compared data from the first working condition surveys (WCS) of Colombia, Argentina, Chile, Central America and Uruguay. For comparative purposes, we selected a subsample of 15 241 non-agricultural employees aged 18-64 years and working with a written contract. We calculated prevalences and 95% CIs for the selected variables on working and employment conditions, and health status, separated by sex. Results Across all countries, at least 40% of women and 58% of men worked >40 hours a week. The most prevalent exposures were repetitive movements, followed by noise and manual handling, especially among men. Psychosocial exposures were very common among both sexes. Workers in Chile (33.4% of women and 16.6% of men) and Central America (24.3% of women and 19.1% of men) were more likely to report poor self-perceived health and were least likely to do so in Colombia (5.5% of women and 4.2% of men). The percentage of workers reporting occupational injuries was <10% across all countries. Conclusions This study provides, for the first time, a broad picture of work and health in different Latin American countries, based on the national WCSs available. This allows for a better understanding of occupational health and could serve as a baseline for future research and surveillance of work and health in the Region. However, greater efforts are needed to improve WCSs comparability.

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Aim: To describe changes in leisure time and occupational physical activity status in an urban Mediterranean population-based cohort, and to evaluate sociodemographic, health-related and lifestyle correlates of such changes.

RESUMEN Este artículo propone un conjunto básico y común de indicadores para la vigilancia en salud ocupacional en América Latina y el Caribe e identifica las fuentes de datos disponibles para su medición. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un proceso de consenso de la Red Experta en Encuestas sobre Condiciones de Trabajo, Empleo y Salud (RED ECoTES) en dos etapas. En la primera etapa, se consensuó un primer listado de indicadores, y en la segunda etapa, se identificaron las fuentes de datos y sus características, con el fin de facilitar la comprobación de la factibilidad del cálculo real de cada indicador en 20 países de la Región. La propuesta del conjunto básico de indicadores, y sus definiciones, está conformado por 13 indicadores distribuidos en cuatro dimensiones: condiciones de empleo (tres indicadores), condiciones de trabajo (cuatro indicadores), recursos y actividades preventivas (dos indicadores) y salud (cuatro indicadores). Las principales fuentes disponibles para calcular estos indicadores en la Región fueron las encuestas permanentes de hogares, las encuestas de condiciones de trabajo, empleo y salud, las estadísticas vitales, y los sistemas de notificación de lesiones por accidentes de trabajo. En la Región existen datos para un número relevante de los indicadores propuestos. Sin embargo, un número importante de aquellos orientados a las condiciones de trabajo y actividades preventivas están ausentes en la mayoría de países. La vigilancia efectiva de la salud ocupacional en la Región exige impulsar decididamente las encuestas sobre condiciones de empleo, trabajo y salud en cada uno de los países que la conforman.

Encuestas de condiciones de trabajo y salud: su utilización en la investigación en salud laboral

Resumo Introdução: o teletrabalho no domicílio, uma das medidas adotadas para controlar a pandemia de COVID-19 e, ao mesmo tempo, manter o emprego, tem aumentado em vários países. Objetivo: refletir sobre o significado, a magnitude e as tendências do teletrabalho no domicílio, antes e durante a pandemia, enfatizando seus potenciais efeitos na saúde do trabalhador. Discussão: a precedente Convenção 177/1996 da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) sobre trabalho a domicílio e o acordo sobre teletrabalho entre agentes sociais na União Europeia, em 2002, apontam a dificuldade de regulamentar essa nova forma de organização do trabalho e da prevenção de possíveis lesões e doenças associadas, especialmente transtornos mentais e distúrbios musculoesqueléticos. São necessários estudos sobre os efeitos na saude dessa modalidade de trabalho para fornecer evidências científicas que embasarão normas em nível nacional e global. A inclusão de questões específicas e bem definidas, como as que a OIT propõe, em futuros levantamentos sobre as condições de trabalho, emprego e saúde poderá auxiliar tal objetivo e proporcionar uma oportunidade para observar os efeitos do teletrabalho no domicílio na saúde do trabalhador, bem como avaliar o impacto de uma necessária e urgente regulamentação.

En este artículo presentaremos la validación del Cuestionario Psicosocial de Copenhague (COPSOQ). La adaptación cultural se realizó sobre la versión larga del COPSOQII -ISTAS21. La validación se implementó sobre una muestra aleatoria de 200 casos, representativa del conglomerado de Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Avellaneda, Morón y Vicente López. Se procedió a realizar análisis de consistencia interna con Alpha de Cronbach y validación de constructo a través de análisis factorial. Los resultados fueron satisfactorios en cuanto a la consistencia interna, aunque con algunos valores bajos para ciertas dimensiones (valores de α entre 0,582 y 0,895); la estructura factorial fue la esperada según el cuestionario original. La validez de criterio evaluada en las correlaciones con las mediciones de salud a partir del cuestionario SF36, fueron satisfactorias El comportamiento del instrumento en población de trabajadores en Argentina ha sido similar a las versiones internacionales.

Objectives Some of cardiovascular diseases, like stroke and acute coronary syndrome (ACS), are compensable diseases in Taiwan as well as Japan and Korea. The number of compensated cases in the disease has increased from 13 in 2006 to 92 in 2012. The information on workplace risk factors before onset of disease is rare, and this aim of this study is to conduct a case control study for analysing the association between ACS and work stress, using hospital-based study. Method The study population was the patients in a medical centre. Questionnaire was designed based on literatures about non-work-related and work-related risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. The work-related factors included working time, working pattern, burnout scale, mental stress. The inclusion criteria of case group were workers more than 20 year-old, diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome and having job at onset. The inclusion criteria of control group were diagnosed without acute coronary syndrome and having job at recruitment. Results There were 47 cases and 121 controls recruited. The results shows case group had larger percentage of male, alcohol intake, no intake of any healthy diet, and higher education level than control group. In addition, family history of premature AMI, history of diabetes, and history of current URI were more prevalent in case group. Multivariate logistic regression shows that smoking and night work were statistical significant factors associated with occurrence of acute coronary syndrome (OR=6.11, 3.59). Conclusions When we think about the strategy on preventing cardiovascular diseases for working population, work-related factor, like night work, should be considering. Objectives In this study, lifting index (LI) by NIOSH lifting equation (NLE) and biomechanical load by lumbar motion monitor (LMM) were determined to assess low-back disorder (LBD) risk associated with manual material handling (MMH) task in manufacturing workers. Method Thirty-five (28 male and 7 female) workers in 13 MMH processes in 6 manufacturing companies were investigated. For each worker, LMM measurement and video recording were done simultaneously for 30 min, and LBD risk probability and LI based on recommended weight limit (RWL) were calculated using NLE. Results Biomechanical load assessment related with lumbar risk assessment in MMH workers enabled us to identify risks by task characteristics. However, degree of risk of tasks appeared different by assessment tool. 0319 BIOMECHANICAL COMPARISON OF LUMBAR RISK ASSESSMENT IN MANUAL MATERIAL HANDLING WORKConclusions Application of assessment tools suitable to work situation is needed. There may be also problems arising from application of foreign assessment tools to Korean workers, and future studies are warranted. Objectives To evaluate workers' health outcomes and their association with work organisation (WOF) and violence (WV) factors among sectors of the economy in Argentina. Method We used data from the first Employment, Working conditions and Health Survey with face-to-face interviews...