This study was designed to investigate physical education (PE) students the link between mood disturbances, caused by psychological or physical stressors associated with studying, and the autonomic nervous system modifications. PE students completed the profile of mood state (POMS) questionnaire at the end of the university year. Heart rate variability (HRV) was then measured during a head-up tilt test (HUT) in those with the highest and lowest total mood disturbance (TMD) scores on three successive POMS. Among the 218 students who completed the POMS (85 female and 137 male), 65 had high TMD scores, suggesting mood disturbances and fatigue. The final sample included 12 subjects in the potentially overtrained (POT) group and 16 subjects in the control (CTL) group. A greater decrease of two indices of the autonomic system (SD1 and RMSSD) was observed during the HUT in the POT than in the CTL group (P < 0.05). The depression (Dep) and vigor (Vig) subscales of POMS were correlated with several HRV indices. More specifically, in the POT group, the Vig score was correlated with autonomous activity in the supine position, and the Dep score with percentages of change of sympatho-vagal activity during the HUT. This suggests that (1) POT students could present a weaker autonomic response to HUT, (2) Dep and Vig subscales of the POMS questionnaire may indicate autonomic dysregulations.
The authors investigated how expert dancers achieve accurate timing under various conditions. They designed the conditions to interfere with the dancers' attention to time and to test the explanation of the interference effect provided in the attentional model of time processing. Participants were 17 expert contemporary dancers who performed a freely chosen duration while walking and executing a bilateral cyclic arm movement over a given distance. The dancers reproduced that duration in different situations of interference. The process yielded temporal overproductions, validating the attentional model and extending its application to expert populations engaged in complex motor situations. The finding that the greatest overproduction occurred in the transfer-with-improvisation condition suggests that improvisation within a time deadline requires specific training.
A recent synthesis of Lyon/Lugdunum's ossuary ceramic ware showed that, typologically, the ceramics used to collect the residues of burnt bone were the same as those used in the city's kitchens (Bonnet et al., 2016). The forms are indeed strictly the same. Nevertheless, some ossuary pots from the only two funerary areas known from the Augusto-Tiberian period show particular traces totally unknown on domestic ceramics, such as slits, crumbling peeled surfaces, manufacturing flaws and other characteristics suggesting insufficient firing temperature. The authors propose the hypothesis of an opportunistic use of these pots unsuitable for culinary use. In order to check if these pots were truly underfired, we have measured about thirty ossuary ceramic ware apparent firing temperatures with a dilatometer. The elemental compositions were also determined by X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry to identify the provenance of the pots. This paper will present the results of this study and offer some interpretations of the transfer of these objects from a domestic to a funerary context. (Bonnet et al., 2016). Les formes sont en effet les mêmes. Mais certains vases ossuaires de deux ensembles funéraires de la période augusto-tibérienne montraient des traces inconnues en contexte domestique, telles que des fentes, des surfaces desquamées, des couleurs inhabituelles ou d'autres défauts de fabrication évoquant une température de cuisson insuffisante. Les auteurs en ont déduit une utilisation opportuniste de vases impropres à une utilisation culinaire. Pour vérifier que ces vases étaient insuffisamment cuits, des mesures de températures de cuisson par dilatométrie ont été réalisées sur une trentaine d'objets. De façon à en préciser la provenance, leur composition élémentaire a été déterminée par spectrométrie de fluorescence X. Cet article présente les résultats des mesures et propose certaines interprétations possibles pour le passage du contexte domestique au contexte funéraire de ces vases. Résumé : Une récente synthèse sur les vases ossuaires de Lugdunum a permis de montrer que typologiquement les vases utilisés pour recueillir les restes d'os brûlés étaient les mêmes que ceux utilisés dans les cuisines de la ville
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