There are many extrinsic factors that can contribute to the premature aging of the skin. In recent years, the demand for natural cosmetic from the general population has noticeable grow. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the bioproperties of sky fruit (Swietenia macrophylla) seed extract that could help to inhibit premature skin aging. Firstly, the extract and its fractions were tested on HaCaT cells for their wound healing properties. The presence of sky fruit’s extract and its fractions on scratch wound significantly improved cellular proliferation, migration, and closure of the wound. These effects were distinctly observed following the treatment with S. macrophylla hexane fraction (SMHF) and S. macrophylla water fraction (SMWF). Our continuous research study revealed that SMWF had antioxidant properties, which might be one of the factors contributing to its emerging wound healing properties because antioxidants are known to act as suppressors of the inflammatory pathway and aid the transition towards cell proliferation. In addition, all samples had critical wavelengths that indicated that they were able to absorb the whole UVB range and some parts of the UVA wavelength. This suggested that S. macrophylla might contain potential photoprotective bioactive compounds, which could be developed into anti-UVB photoprotective sunscreens. Thus, this warrants further studies focusing on isolation and identifications of the bioactive compounds responsible for both its photoprotective and wound healing properties. A deeper study on mechanisms of the pathways that were affected by these compounds should be conducted as well to better understand this natural product and develop it into a potential cosmeceutical ingredient.
The use of sunscreens in our daily lives to reduce UV exposure on our skin is a good measure against photoaging. However, the current active ingredients in the market are not able to cover the entire spectrum range of UVA and UVB. Therefore, broader spectrum compounds are constantly being searched by cosmetic companies to replace the commercially available UV filters. In this study, an experimental model utilizing the MATLAB software was developed to measure a compound’s critical wavelength (λc). The purpose of this research was to ease the cost and speed up the screening of bioactive compounds for photoprotective properties while maintaining accuracy in the process. In this paper, the measurement of caffeic acid, gallic acid, and pinocembrin’s critical wavelength in the MATLAB software was explained in a step-by-step guide. This was done to create an understandable and executable procedure for future researchers to utilize. Subsequently, from the results, the critical wavelength of caffeic acid, gallic acid, and pinocembrin was 378.2nm, 324.6nm, and 364.8nm, respectively. This shows that caffeic acid has the broadest absorbance spectrum, followed by pinocembrin, and finally gallic acid. Thus, it may be possible that caffeic acid might have stronger photoprotective abilities as compared to pinocembrin and gallic acid, based on its critical wavelength.
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