The objective of the article was to consider the current state and prospects of the transformation of the institution of constitutional justice in the course of armed conflicts. Observational and comparative methods were the main methodological tools. The research showed that constitutional courts must apply a specific method of judicial constitutional control during armed conflicts. Most of the complaints and appeals of the population to the constitutional courts seek clarifications on the constitutionality of the rules on social guarantees of the military, the rights of refugees. Constitutional interpretation of legislative provisions of the Republic of Azerbaijan, consideration of complaints of constitutional courts of Germany and Ukraine are examples of countries' reactions to armed conflicts. The conclusions confirm the need to transform the institution of constitutional justice, which becomes the main defender of the constitutional system and its principles during armed conflicts. In this vein, it is urged to increase the rate of scientific capital in the judiciary to improve the process of reform of the Constitutional Court in these difficult conditions experienced by Ukraine.
The COVID-19 pandemic poses new challenges, as no one can propresa will burst a new wave of morbidity. It is therefore worth thinking about the implementation of the electronic voting procedure. In view of this, it is important to explore the role of electronic technology in local elections, share it with the experience of several countries, as well as as analyse new opportunities for the transformation of the electoral process. The aim of the work is to study the role of electronic technologies during local elections. The subject of research is electronic technologies during local elections and social relationships that arise, change and end during the use of electronic processes during local elections. The research methodology combined a set of philosophical, general, and special approaches to scientific knowledge. A study of electronic technologies in local elections has shown that electronic technologies play an important role in electoral processes. It is concluded that, under modern conditions, it is important for Ukraine to support the electoral process with the latest electronic technologies, because these technologies, if used correctly, ensuring election democracy and greater the efficiency of democracy institutions represents.
Domestic violence as a socially dangerous phenomenon poses a great threat to the proper functioning of the family. Protecting vulnerable populations from domestic violence and cruelty is an influential area of state action, and despite its importance, even highly developed democratic and legal states are unable to eliminate domestic violence. The work aims to study modern prevention methods and effective ways to protect against domestic violence, including social, legal, economic, medical and other aspects. The research methodology consists of methods, such as: historical-legal and comparative-legal; formal and logical; empirical; cognitive; analogy method; questionnaires; and program-target. The study summarized the recommendations that are necessary to further improve international cooperation and implement useful tools for such cooperation. As a result of the investigation, the authors concluded that in order to effectively combat intra-family violence, it is necessary to adopt regulations that promote collaboration in the fight against intra-family violence and carry out extensive educational work among the population, to combat impunity and violence. and insecurityin people's thinking.
Статтю присвячено дослідженню перекладацьких проблем з урахуванням національно-культурних аспектів, які відображені в юридичній термінології англійської мови. Актуальність дослідження визначена розвитком співробітництва та обміну між США, Великою Британією та Україною, що на практиці потребує правової регламентації, кваліфікованої допомоги з боку перекладачів і правильного перекладу юридичних текстів та юридичних термінів. Об'єктом дослідження є юридичні терміни, а предметом – їх національно-культурна маркованість. Докладно проаналізовано проблеми еквівалентності юридичних термінів в англо-українському перекладі. Автори розглянули лінгвістичні чинники процесу перекладу юридичних текстів на основі етнокультурних відмінностей правових систем України, США та Великої Британії, наголосивши на необхідності збереження семантико-структурної близькості перекладу юридичного тексту оригіналу. Доведено, що в юридичній термінології є національно- культурний компонент, оскільки юриспруденція як суспільно-політична наука тісно пов'язана з рівнем соціально-економічного розвитку суспільства та його культурно-історичними традиціями. Особливу увагу приділено тому, що частина юридичних термінів належить до безеквівалентної лексики, утворюючи інтеркультурні лакуни, які є результатом розбіжності локальних культур. Виходячи із цього, на думку авторів, чим різноманітнішими є культурні системи, тим більше інтеркультурних лакун існує. Для розуміння такої лексики необхідні фонові знання комунікантів, оскільки культурно маркована лексика є важливим джерелом соціокультурної інформації про країну. Нерозуміння значення ключових понять у свідомості носіїв мови, а також перенесення відомостей із рідної культури на поняття чужої культури можуть призвести до непорозумінь у спілкуванні та культурознавчих помилок.
Mankind is facing new civilizational problems (management of global processes, environmental safety, health care, etc.). A significant role in their solution is given to international organizations, interstate legal systems. Analysis of actions to solve global problems raises before legal science questions about the real capabilities of international organizations, interstate legal systems, their ability to adequately respond to globalization challenges, the need to clarify their role in the new reality, as well as their nature, form, and significance. This is a new model of interaction between states within the international system, which could ensure not only their cooperation but also integration through a new institutional mechanism and system of legal acts. The study uses universal and European international legal acts (in particular, sources of law) and other documents that offer a description of their nature, form, significance, ability to adequately respond to the globalization challenges of today. The main in the research process were: globalization approach, logical methods, general theoretical, sociological, comparative law, and international legal methodology. An analysis of the provisions of international, foreign, and Ukrainian legal science, sources of law, and legal practice revealed that modern international organizations arose in connection with the need to ensure the functioning of sovereign states and their cooperation. After the Second World War, those were formed that are designed to ensure closer cooperation based on universal and regional cooperation (United Nations, Council of Europe, European Union). New world order and interstate legal systems are being formed, which structure it. Their forms of integration are emerging, such as the legal system of the European Union. These systems have successfully fulfilled their role in streamlining the regional (European) and universal space. Although new globalization challenges of socio-economic, security, information, health, and environment necessitated the formation of a new model of interstate legal systems, which would ensure not only cooperation but also integration, through the creation of a new institutional mechanism and an effective system of legal acts.
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