Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of developmental defects of enamel (DDEs) in relation to asthma severity, symptom onset and pharmacological treatment in pediatric asthma patients. Methods: Children and adolescents (68 asthma patients and 68 controls), 5-15 years of age and residents of the city of Londrina, Brazil, were enrolled in the study. Medical and dental histories were collected through the use of a structured questionnaire. Each participant underwent a dental examination in which the examiner employed the DDE index. Results: Of the 68 asthma group subjects, 61 (89.7%) presented dental enamel defects, compared with only 26 (38.2%) of those in the control group. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, we estimated the risk of DDEs in permanent dentition to be 11 times higher in pediatric subjects with asthma than in those without (OR = 11.88, p = 0.0001). The occurrence of dental enamel defects correlated with greater asthma severity (p = 0.0001) and earlier symptom onset (p = 0.0001). However, dental enamel defects did not correlate with the initiation of treatment (p = 0.08) or the frequency of medication use (p = 0.93). Conclusions: Pediatric patients with severe, early-onset asthma are at increased risk of dental enamel defects and therefore require priority dental care.Keywords: Asthma/prevention & control; Bronchodilator agents; Adrenal cortex hormones/therapeutic use; Dental enamel; Amelogenesis. ResumoObjetivo: Avaliou-se a prevalência de developmental defects of enamel (DDEs, defeitos de desenvolvimento do esmalte dentário) em pacientes pediátricos com asma e sua relação com a severidade da asma, o início dos sintomas e o tratamento medicamentoso. Métodos: Os participantes do estudo eram residentes do município de Londrina (PR), com 5 a 15 anos, sendo 68 asmáticos e 68 controles. Foram levantados dados retrospectivos da história médica e de saúde bucal da população do estudo através de um questionário estruturado. Todos os participantes foram submetidos a um exame dental. Para a avaliação dos defeitos de desenvolvimento do esmalte dentário, utilizou-se o Índice DDE. Resultados: Neste estudo, foi observado que 61 (89,7%) dos 68 pacientes asmáticos apresentavam defeitos de desenvolvimento do esmalte dentário quando comparado à ocorrência em 26 (38,2%) dos no grupo controle. Através da análise multivariada por regressão logística, foi observado que um paciente pediátrico com asma apresenta risco aumentado em 11 vezes para o aparecimento de defeitos de desenvolvimento do esmalte em dentes permanentes (OR = 11,88, p = 0,0001). Além disso, foi observado uma associação entre defeitos do esmalte dentário e maior severidade da asma (p = 0,0001) e início dos sintomas mais precoce (p = 0,0001). Não se observou associação entre o início do tratamento (p = 0,08) ou frequência de uso da medicação (p = 0,93) com o aparecimento de defeitos de desenvolvimento do esmalte dentário. Conclusões: Pacientes pediátricos com asma apresentam risco aumentado para a ocorrência de defei...

Although asthma can cause reduction in flow rate, the illness did not seem to influence dental caries experience in children with access to proper dental care.

This study evaluated the caries risk of asthmatic patients on the basis of mutans streptococci (MS) and lactobacilli levels in saliva samples as well as the index of oral hygiene and dental caries (DMFT index). The study population was composed of 80 asthmatic children, aged 3–15 years, who use specific medication, and 80 matched, healthy control children. The parents were interviewed about oral health-related factors. The World Health Organization criteria were used for dental examinations. The Köhler and Bratthal methodology was used to detect salivary MS levels and dilutions of saliva were done for lactobacilli counting. No differences between asthma and control groups were observed for caries prevalence in children aged 3–6 and 7–10 years, except in severe cases in the younger group. However, higher caries prevalence for permanent dentition was observed in 11- to 15-year-old asthmatic children. An increased dental biofilm was observed in the asthma group, as well as salivary levels of MS. No differences were observed in levels of lactobacilli. No statistical correlations were found between medication, frequency of treatment, method of consumption and caries experience, dental biofilm and salivary levels of MS or lactobacilli. However, there was a correlation between MS levels and treatment duration. The logistic regression revealed that MS level is an important risk factor for increased caries experience. Asthma should be evaluated as a risk factor for caries experience because it can increase the levels of MS and the dental biofilm.

No abstract

This study assessed the frequency of milia, alveolar and palatal cysts prevalence in newborns, as well as the time for complete involution of the most common reported inclusion cyst. Milia, alveolar and palatal cysts were observed in respectively, 31.4%, 28.2% and 78.8% of the newborns. Those that presented milia were 1.2 times more likely to present alveolar cysts. Mean time for complete involution of palatal cysts was 4.5 weeks.

The bond strength by three point bending strength of two metal substrates (commercially pure titanium or grade II, and Ti-6Al-4V alloy or grade V) combined to three distinct low-fusing ceramic systems (LFC) and the nature of porcelain-metal fracture by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were evaluated. The results were compared to a combination of palladium-silver (Pd-Ag) alloy and conventional porcelain (Duceram VMK68). Sixty metal strips measuring 25x3x0.5mm were made - 30 of titanium grade II and 30 of titanium grade V, with application of the following types of porcelain: Vita Titankeramik, Triceram or Duceratin (10 specimens for each porcelain). The porcelains were bonded to the strips with dimensions limited to 8x3x1mm. The control group consisted of ten specimens Pd-Ag alloy/Duceram VMK68 porcelain. Statistical analyses were made by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test at 5% significance level. Results showed that the bond strength in control group (48.0MPa ± 4.0) was significantly higher than the Ti grade II (26.7MPa ± 4.1) and Ti grade V (25.2MPa ± 2.2) combinations. When Duceratin porcelain was applied in both substrates, Ti grade II and Ti grade V, the results were significantly lower than in Ti grade II/Vitatitankeramik. SEM analysis indicated a predominance of adhesive fractures for the groups Ti grade II and Ti grade V, and cohesive fracture for control group Pd-Ag/Duceram. Control group showed the best bond strength compared to the groups that employed LFC. Among LFC, the worst results were obtained when Duceratin porcelain was used in both substrates. SEM confirmed the results of three point bending strength.

PALAVRAS CHAVE:-Gerenciamento; -Unidades Básicas de Saúde;-Serviços. RESUMOO Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para Saúde (PET-Saúde) foi proposto como uma estratégia para apoiar a consolidação do Programa Nacional de Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde (Pró--Saúde) e o fortalecimento da relação ensino-serviço-comunidade, visando à institucionalização das atividades pedagógicas dos profissionais do serviço e ao estímulo para a inserção das necessidades do serviço como fonte de produção de conhecimento e pesquisa na Universidade. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar a experiência de um grupo PET-Saúde na utilização do projeto como ferramenta para ensinar/ aprender a importância do uso de dados epidemiológicos para avaliação das políticas e ações de saúde, considerando-se intrínsecas questões como ética, humanismo, conhecimento da realidade social e, principalmente, tomada de decisão. As atividades foram multiprofissionais, iniciadas pela territorialização, na qual realizou-se a coleta de dados envolvendo tutores, preceptores e estudantes de Enfermagem, Farmácia e Odontologia, proporcionando integração entre profissionais e estudantes. O PET-Saúde possibilitou o entendimento das necessidades socioeconômicas, culturais e sanitárias locais, oportunizou o manuseio e a utilização dos dados coletados. ABSTRACTThe Educational Program for Health Work (PET-Saúde) was proposed as a strategy to support the consolidation of the National Program for the Reorientation of Professional Training in Health (Pró-Saúde) and to strengthen the relationship between teaching, health services, and the community, with a view towards institutionalization of teaching activities by the health services staff and encouragement for inclusion of the services' needs as a source of production of research and knowledge at the University. The aim of this study was to report on the experience of a PET-Saúde group using the project as a teaching and learning tool on the importance of epidemiological data for the evaluation of health policies and actions, considering such intrinsic issues as ethics, humanism, knowledge of the social reality, and especially decision-making. The activities were multi-professional, launched through territorial allocation, with data collection conducted by tutors, preceptors, and undergraduate nursing, pharmacy, and dentistry students, thereby fostering integration between staff and students. The PET-Saúde project allowed an understanding of the local socioeconomic, cultural, and health needs and the handling and use of the resulting data.

Despite the reduction in the prevalence of dental caries, very little is known about the prevalence of the disease, especially in deciduous teeth, in small Brazilian cities (<20,000 inhabitants). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries in children aged 3 and 5 years of age in the city of Cambira - State of Parana. All children that participated in the national vaccination campaign against poliomyelitis in 2002 at the two basic health units of the city were examined. The campaign covered 99.5% of the population aged 1 to 5 years. Two previously trained and calibrated dentists performed the clinical examinations after the children brushed their teeth and recorded their caries experience by means of the dmf index. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of the disease between the male and female genders and between the rural and urban zones. At the age of 3, 68.50% of the children were caries-free, compared to 31.10% at the age of 5. In the total population, 11.19% of the children accounted for 50.86% of the teeth affected by dental caries. The dmf index at 3 and 5 years in the study population was 2.10 and 3.51, respectively. These data showed that the city has not yet reached the goals proposed by the WHO for the year 2000, what indicates the need for greater investment in programs aimed to prevention and control of the disease.