This meta-analysis, dealing with accurate surrogate markers of IS, suggests that IPost reduces IS. However, results should be interpreted cautiously because of limited sample sizes and significant heterogeneity. Whether this translates into improvements in cardiac function and patient prognosis still needs to be demonstrated in larger prospective randomized controlled studies that are powered sufficiently.

Aortic stiffness and PP amplification were not interrelated, suggesting that these markers may provide complementary information for cardiovascular risk. New therapeutic strategies targeting pressure pulsatility should take into account the impact of hyperglycemia and increased heart rate in diabetic hypertensives. Gender influence on the role of autonomic nervous system in attenuating pressure wave reflections remains to be further established.

Background Renal infarction (RI) is a rare disease with poor prognosis. Appropriate secondary prevention treatment is essential and requires an exhaustive etiological assessment. We aimed to determine whether invasive endovascular explorations may improve the diagnostic process and change the secondary prevention treatment strategy in RI patients. Methods We report a retrospective observational study of 25 RI patients referred to Tours University Hospital between 2011 and 2018 for etiological investigation including renal arteriography and intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS). We sought for antithrombotic treatment regimen, vital status, bleeding and ischemic outcomes during the median follow-up of 59 months. Results Invasive explorations showed local arterial disease in 14 patients (56%). This led to a diagnosis or change in diagnosis in 9 patients (36%) and to a change in antithrombotic strategy in 56% of cases, with an increased prescription of antiplatelet therapy. No patient died, only two patients (8%) had persistent mild renal insufficiency. One IVUS complication was reported and treated without any significant long-term consequences. Conclusion Invasive endovascular investigations of RI may modify the secondary prevention treatment through a better assessment of the aetiology of RI. Multicentric randomized studies are necessary to advocate the hypothesis that invasive exploration of renal artery can improve long-term prognosis.

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