A escolha do material para construção do pavimento tem muita importância porque influencia diretamente no seu desempenho. Neste trabalho, foram estudadas diferentes curvas granulométricas aplicadas para o mesmo material e a outro material distinto com algumas características semelhantes. As britas graduadas do tipo granito-gnaisse analisadas neste estudo foram aplicadas em base e sub-base de pavimentos reais da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A deformação permanente, defeito estrutural indesejado, foi avaliada aqui por meio de resultados obtidos de ensaios realizados no equipamento triaxial de cargas repetidas. Foram utilizados nove pares de tensões distintos por curva, sendo aplicado um par de tensões e no mínimo 150 mil ciclos de carregamentos por corpo de prova. Os resultados possibilitaram análises da deformação permanente, ocorrência do shakedown, módulo de resiliência, influência granulométrica, e correlação entre os resultados, bem como a inserção de novos parâmetros no banco de dados do modelo de Guimarães (2009).
Fine-grained lateritic soils, which are typically found in tropical regions and have been used successfully in low-cost pavements, are often considered inadequate for the base and subbase pavement layers when the material selection is based on the California bearing ratio (CBR). When analyzed in repeated load triaxial (RLT) test equipment, which is the most frequently used device to analyze the mechanical behavior of unbound pavement materials, fine-grained lateritic soils exhibit low levels of plastic deformation. Thus, to allow more appropriate analyses of the mechanical behavior of such soils compared to traditional CBR-based analyses, resilient modulus and permanent deformation tests using RLT test equipment were performed. Then, multifactorial regression analysis of the experimental results was performed to identify the parameters of the material models that are implemented in the Brazilian mechanistic-empirical pavement design software program, MEDINA. The experimental program included material characterization in accordance with the so-called miniature, compacted, tropical (MCT) methodology that is tailored specifically to classify tropical soils. For one of the lateritic soils, two key parameters, i.e., the stress level and compaction moisture content, were varied in the RLT permanent deformation tests. An additional numerical analysis using MEDINA was conducted to evaluate the structural characteristics of flexible pavements composed of the four lateritic soils analyzed in this study. In general, the results obtained from this study indicate that lateritic soils can potentially be used as base and subbase layers in flexible pavement structures.
Water content is one of the key parameters that can cause variations in the elastic and plastic deformation of pavement layers. More specifically, both the compaction moisture and the post-compaction moisture should be carefully controlled. The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of compaction moisture on the accumulation of permanent deformation when unbound materials are subjected to repeated triaxial loads. The moisture contents were defined according to the compaction curve of each soil, being one above and one below the optimum moisture content which has been typically considered for the design of asphalt pavements in Brazil. The four soils evaluated in the study are commonly used in flexible pavements and have different classifications according to the Brazilian Miniature, Compacted, Tropical (MCT) methodology tailored to classify tropical soils. Specimens were subjected to permanent deformation tests and the results obtained show that the moisture content can significantly affect the mechanical behavior of soils. That effect is significant on both sides of the compaction curve, but the permanent deformation increases as the compaction moisture content increases on the wet side. This work is part of a broader and comprehensive research project in progress in Brazil to continuously update the current version of the Brazilian mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide. The proper understanding and characterization of the resistance to permanent deformation of unbound materials is a key part of that design guide.
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