Objective: to analyze the temporal trend of Web Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN Web) coverage of children under 5 years old in the Northern Region of Brazil between 2008-2017. Methods: this was an ecological time series study with data from SISVAN Web; coverage annual percentage change (APC) was estimated using the Prais-Winsten regression model. Results: SISVAN Web coverage in the Northern Region in 2008 and 2017 was 12.2% and 37.9%, respectively, with a rising trend (APC=14.2%-95%CI 10.9;17.6); the states and health regions showed similar trends; Acre was the state with the highest APC (17.3%-95%CI 13.6;21.1). Conclusion: there was a rising trend in SISVAN Web coverage in the Northern Region as a whole, in all its states and in all its health regions.

Diet during pregnancy is related to several maternal and infant health outcomes; however, the relationship between maternal dietary glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) and gestational weight gain (GWG) or newborn birth weight is controversial. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between maternal dietary GI and GL and GWG and birth weight. A cohort of adult pregnant women with usual obstetric risk was followed in Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Two 24-h dietary recalls were collected in each gestational trimester (<14, 24–27, 31–34 weeks), one in person and the other by telephone. GI and GL were determined using the software Nutrition Data System for Research. GWG was obtained from medical records and evaluated as the weekly GWG between the second and third gestational trimesters. Newborn birth weight z-score in relation to gestational age was evaluated according to Intergrowth-21st Project recommendations. A multiple linear regression model, adjusted for potential confounders, showed a one-point increase in the GI resulted in a mean decrease of 12·9 (95 % CI –21·48, –4·24) g in weekly GWG; GL was not associated with this outcome. The birth weight z-score was not associated with GI (P = 0·763) or GL (P = 0·317). In conclusion, in a cohort of pregnant women considered at usual risk for obstetric complications, maternal dietary GI was negatively associated with weekly GWG in the second and third gestational trimesters. No association was observed between GL and GWG, and neither GI nor GL was associated with birth weight z-score.

Introduction: Height-forage déficits (stunting) describe failures in child growth and are associated with health and socioeconomic conditions. Evidence suggests that interventions during the first 1000 days of life are more effective in reducing the overall burden of stunting. However, there is evidence of recovery of stunting after this period, a phenomenon called catchup growth (CUG). CUG describes a rapid linear growth that allows the individual to accelerate to and, under favorable conditions, return to their pre-disease growth curve. However, there is no uniformity in the operational definition of CUG and there are disagreements about the best CUG measurer, a decisive factor in the conclusions about the subject. Objectives: To analyze evidence of accelerated growth among children and adolescents of multiethnic populations using different forms of measurement and to characterize the epidemiological aspects of CUG. Methods: Databases of multiethnic populations were used. Height measurements were converted to z-score from the WHO standard and reference (2006/07). The CUG was evaluated by height-forage z-score (HAZ) and height-forage difference (HAD), in centimeters, by variation of these indices and by canalisation of growth, using three values of amplitude (0.67, 0.75 and 0.86 standard deviation), as well as by recovery of the initial stunting. The effects of growth-related factors on CUG were estimated in Poisson regression models and multilevel analysis. Among the independent variables configured socioeconomic, maternal and child characteristics and a contextual variable indicating the level of development of the country. Results: In the Young Lives Cohorts and in the Philippines HAZ declined in the early ages and increased until the last follow-up. HAD, however, indicated an increase in height deficit until the last follow up. In São Paulo and Great Britain, both indexes showed an increase between the initial and final periods, indicating an improvement in nutritional status. There was inequality of both indicators among the socioeconomic strata. Higher prevalence of stunting occurred in less developed countries, in rural areas, in households without access to sanitation, and in individuals with low birth weight, episodes of childhood diarrhea and whose mothers had short stature and lower schooling; there was a dose-response relationship with the income. There was a substantial recovery of stunting in all countries, with higher rates in the most developed. The incidence of CUG every five years ranged from 7.9% to 15.4% between 1 and 12 years of age and was 1% in the Philippines between 0 and 19 years. In all studies, the group with initial stunting had the highest incidence. Most of the individuals who recovered from the initial stunting presented accelerated growth considering the three canalisation limits. The number of CUG events during the growth trajectory was the main determinant of the occurrence of final CUG and recovery of the stunting, as well as the degree of initial stunting and the socioeconomi...

Objetivo: analisar a tendência temporal da cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN) e do estado nutricional de idosos, e sua correlação com indicadores de desigualdade social no Brasil, no período 2008-2019. Métodos: estudo ecológico, sobre registros do SISVAN relativos à população na idade de 60 anos ou mais; analisaram-se a tendência temporal da cobertura e a correlação entre indicadores de desigualdade social e taxa de incremento do estado nutricional; os índices angular e de concentração foram utilizados para medir desigualdades absolutas e relativas. Resultados: foram identificados 11.587.933 registros de idosos; a cobertura nacional evoluiu de 0,1% (2008) para 2,9% (2019), com tendência de aumento estatisticamente significativa; foi encontrada correlação inversa moderada com taxa de incremento anual de sobrepeso, para índice de desenvolvimento humano e produto interno bruto per capita. Conclusão: houve tendência de crescimento da cobertura do SISVAN; o aumento de sobrepeso esteve associado à desigualdade social.