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The present study investigated the influences of coping styles on posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among a sample of non-clinical college students who were exposed to traumatic events. Ninety-nine college students participated in the study. However, the sample used in the analyses consisted of only 37 participants who fulfilled the DSM-IV criterion A for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) diagnosis. The PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) and the Brief COPE were used to assess the participants' PTSS and habitual use of coping strategies, respectively. Bayesian and frequentist correlations showed that emotion-focused coping style was negatively associated with PTSS, while dysfunctional coping style was positively related to PTSS. In the subsequent linear regression on both statistical framework, dysfunctional coping was the only consistent variable predicting more PTSD symptoms. The findings presented here show that lower use of adaptive coping (emotion-focused) and higher use of dysfunctional coping styles on a daily basis are associated to PTSS severity in a non-clinical sample of college students. According to the Bayesian approach, which permits more generalization of data, dysfunctional coping style is determinant to higher levels of PTSS. These findings add new data to the body of research that highlight the critical role of distinct coping strategies in the severity of PTSS.

O objetivo do estudo é apresentar a validação de um instrumento para identificar o grau de importância e de adoção de um conjunto de práticas de gestão considerado inovador e que seja aplicável no contexto das universidades públicas federais brasileiras. O instrumento foi construído a partir da identificação de um conjunto de práticas inovadoras premiadas no ‘Concurso Inovação na Gestão Pública Federal” promovido pela Enap (Escola Nacional de Administração Pública). A partir de tal identificação, procedeu-se uma análise de conteúdo, identificando categorias em torno das quais as práticas foram classificadas. Tais categorias foram conceituadas e uma segunda análise de conteúdo foi realizada para classificá-las em dimensões organizacionais. Após a identificação, conceituação e classificação das práticas, organizou-se uma escala contendo dezenove itens distribuídos em três fatores que mediu o grau de importância e de adoção de cada prática selecionada. A coleta de dados para a validação da medida envolveu uma amostra de 332 gestores que responderam ao questionário online, enviado por e-mail. Os participantes da pesquisa foram ocupantes de cargos de gestão das áreas administrativas e acadêmicas de quatro universidades públicas federais brasileiras. Após as análises de validação da escala, realizaram-se os ajustes, tendo como resultado a versão validada da escala composta por três fatores, totalizando dezesseis itens.

bResumo O presente trabalho objetivou caracterizar as interfaces estabelecidas entre o trabalho e a família em uma amostra brasileira e identificar alguns de seus preditores. Participaram do estudo 446 trabalhadores de diferentes organizações e ocupações. O questionário foi composto pelas escalas de conflito trabalho-família, interface positiva entre trabalho e família, percepção de adequação familiar e percepção de suporte organizacional. Os dados foram submetidos a estatísticas descritivas, análises de correlação, de comparação de grupos e de regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados indicaram que os benefícios decorrentes do acúmulo dos papéis foram mais claramente percebidos do que os seus prejuízos. Quanto aos preditores, notou-se que características subjetivas, como a percepção de adequação familiar e de suporte organizacional, foram mais determinantes para a previsão do conflito e da interface positiva trabalho-família do que as características concretas, revelando a importância da qualidade das inserções familiar e ocupacional para um bom equilíbrio entre trabalho e família. Work and family interfaces: The phenomenon's characteristics and predictors AbstractThis study aims to characterize the work-family interface in a Brazilian sample and identify some of its predictors. The study included 446 workers of different organizations and occupations. The questionnaire was composed of the Work-Family Conflict, Positive Work-Family Interface, Family Adequacy, and Organizational Support scales. The data were submitted to descriptive statistics and correlation, comparison of groups, and multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicated that the benefits arising from the accumulation of roles were more clearly perceived than their drawbacks. Additionally, it was noted that subjective characteristics, such as the perception of family adequacy and organizational support, were more decisive for the prediction of conflict and positive work-family interface than concrete characteristics, revealing the importance of the quality of family and occupational inclusion for a good balance between work and family.Interfaces entre trabajo y familia: La caracterización del fenómeno y el análisis de los predictores Resumen Este estudio tiene como objetivo caracterizar las interfaces entre trabajo y familia, con base en un corpus brasileño, e identificar algunos de sus predictores. Participaron 446 trabajadores de diferentes organizaciones y ocupaciones. El cuestionario se compone de escalas de conflictos trabajo-familia, interface positiva entre trabajo y familia, percepción de adecuación familiar y de apoyo organizacional. Los datos fueron sometidos a estadísticas descriptivas, análisis de correlación, comparación de grupos y regresión lineal múltiple. Los resultados indicaron que los beneficios resultantes de la acumulación de papeles se perciben con más claridad que sus pérdidas. Además, se observó que las características subjetivas, tales como la percepción de adecuación familiar y de apoyo organizacional, fueron más ...

Background : COVID-19 pandemic caused increased workload and stress for health professionals involved in the care of such patients. We aimed to describe the health-related quality of life, and burnout in frontline physicians diagnosed with anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods : This was a cross-sectional study conducted during the first-wave phase of COVID-19, from September to October 2020. Questionnaires were sent electronically to 450 physicians from State of Bahia, assessing symptoms of anxiety, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and burnout syndrome. For the categorical variables, the Pearson's chi-square test was used and difference between means was compare using the Mann-Whitney test. was Groups with and without anxiety symptoms were compared using prevalence ratios (PR). Pearson's correlation measured the correlation between WHOQOL-BREF and MBI (Maslach Burnout Inventory) domains. The Fisher r-to-z transformation was used to assess the significance of the difference between two correlation coefficients. The significance level was <0.05. Results : Out of the 450 physicians, 223 (49,6%) completely answered the questionnaire and 38 (17%) showed symptoms of anxiety. Physicians with anxiety had higher scores in emotional exhaustion (EE) (38.31 ± 8.59 vs 25.31±0.87; p=0.0001) and depersonalization (DP) (9.0 ± 5.6 vs 5.9 ± 5.3; p=0.001) domains, and lower scores in personal accomplishment (PA) (32.1 ± 8.2 vs 36.3 ± 7.6; p=0.004), than those without anxiety. All correlations between WHOQOL-BREF domains and MBI in physicians without anxiety were significant (p = 0.01). Conclusion : Physicians with anxiety showed more emotional exhaustion, less personal accomplishment, and lower quality of life. All domains of WHOQOL BREF were correlated with all MBI domains among physicians without anxiety. Differences in correlation according to anxiety were remarkable in psychological HOQOL BREF domain and emotional exhaustion and depersonalization MBI domains. The effect of anxiety leading to poorer levels of perceived health needs to be further investigated.

Background Training in the use of cost-conscious strategies for medical students may prepare new physicians to deliver health care in a more sustainable way. Recently, a role-modeling cost-conscious behaviors scale (RMCCBS) was developed for assessing students’ perceptions of their teachers’ attitudes to cost consciousness. We aimed to translate the RMCCBS into Brazilian Portuguese, adapt the scale, transculturally, and validate it. Methods We adopted rigorous methodological approaches for translating, transculturally adapting and validating the original scale English version into Brazilian Portuguese. We invited all 400 undergraduate medical students enrolled in the 5th and 6th years of a medical course in Northeast Brazil between January and March 2017 to participate. Of the 400 students, 281 accepted to take part in the study. We analyzed the collected data using the SPSS software version 21 and structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed using AMOS SPSS version 18. We conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA), varimax rotation, with Kaiser Normalization and Principal Axis Factoring extraction method. We conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), using the SEM. We used the following indexes of adherence of the model: Comparative fit index (CFI), Goodness-of-fit index (GFI) and Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI). We considered the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) for Sample-size adjusted. The root mean square error of approximation was calculated. Values below 0.08 were considered acceptable. Composite reliability analyzes were performed to evaluate the accuracy of the instrument. Values above 0.70 were considered satisfactory. Results Of the 281 undergraduate medical students, 195 (69.3%) were female. Mean age of participants was 25.0 ± 2.6 years. In the EFA, the KMO was 0.720 and the Bartlett sphericity test was significant ( p < 0.001). We conducted the EFA into two factors: role-modeling cost-conscious behaviors in health (seven items) and health waste behaviors (six items). The 13 item-scale was submitted to composite reliability analyzes, obtaining values of 0.813 and 0.761 for the role-modeling cost-conscious behaviors and the health waste behaviors factors, respectively. Conclusions We concluded that the cost-conscious behaviors scale has good psychometric properties and is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating medical students’ perception of their teachers’ cost-conscious behaviors.

RESUMO | O presente trabalho propõe-se a realizar uma revisão narrativa da literatura nacional dos últimos 15 anos (entre os anos de 2000 e 2015) sobre as relações entre a cultura organizacional e dois conceitos intimamente relacionados ao adoecimento do trabalhador: o estresse ocupacional e o burnout. Para isso, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico por meio da consulta às bases de dados LILACS, PePSIC e SciElo. De forma complementar, foi consultado o banco de teses da CAPES. No total, foram contemplados oito trabalhos científicos, sendo cinco referentes às relações entre cultura e estresse ocupacional e três sobre as relações entre cultura e burnout. Os resultados apontam a escassez de estudos brasileiros sobre o tema. Ademais, um aspecto importante refere-se à dificuldade de articulação dos estudos, o que pode ser atribuído, em alguma medida, à utilização de diferentes ferramentas para a apreensão dos mesmos fenômenos. Apesar dos desafios gerados pelas inconsistências empíricas, foi possível identificar que a cultura organizacional configura-se como um preditor do desenvolvimento do estresse ocupacional e da síndrome de burnout. Acredita-se que o presente trabalho poderá contribuir para a elaboração de novas políticas e práticas organizacionais que prezem pela qualidade da cultura desenvolvida dentro do âmbito laboral.Palavras-chave: cultura organizacional; estresse ocupacional; síndrome de burnout.ABSTRACT | This paper proposes to carry out a narrative review of the national literature of the last 15 years (between 2000 and 2015) on the relationship between organizational culture and two closely related concepts with the employee's illness: occupational stress and burnout. For this, we conducted a literature survey by consulting the databases LILACS, PePSIC, SciElo and the bank of theses (CAPES). In total, eight scientific works were awarded: five about the relations between culture and occupational stress and three about the relationship between culture and burnout. The results indicate the lack of Brazilian studies on the subject. In addition, an important aspect is the difficulty of joint studies, which can be attributed, in some measures, to the use of different instruments for the measure of the same phenomena. Despite the challenges generated by empirical inconsistencies, it was identified that the organizational culture can predict occupational stress development and burnout syndrome. It is believed that this study may contribute to the development of new policies and organizational practices that invest in the quality of organizational culture.

<p>O comprometimento organizacional, um dos fenômenos mais investigados no campo do comportamento organizacional, pode ser considerado um construto polissêmico e multifacetado. Este trabalho buscou discutir a complexidade e dispersão que cerca o conceito de comprometimento organizacional, envolvendo três problemas centrais: 1º) a quantidade de interfaces teóricas entre comprometimento organizacional e outros construtos da área organizacional; 2º) o grande desequilíbrio entre estudos que tomam o construto como uma atitude em detrimento de definições que enfatizem indicadores comportamentais; e 3º) a dimensionalidade do construto e a falta de consenso a respeito de quantas e quais são as bases constitutivas do comprometimento organizacional. Além de sistematizar os principais problemas sobre o construto, este estudo sugere alguns caminhos de investigação teórica e empírica que poderiam minimizar os problemas que cercam esta vertente de pesquisa, em razão das questões conceituais que caracterizam o seu construto central. </p>