A case of acute intestinal anisakiasis has been reported; a nematode larva being found in the submucosa of the ileum of a woman in Jaén (Spain). The source of infection was the ingestion of raw MATERIALS AND METHODSWe have studied a new case of acute intestinal anisakiasis in Spain. On 28 November 1998, a 46-year-old Spanish woman, lifelong resident of Jaén, was admitted to the emergency room at the Hospital Ciudad de Jaén, where her clinical, radiological and analytical report was compatible with acute appendicitis. She had had during two days acute abdominal pain, diarrhea, meteorism, selective pain palpatation in the right ileum fossa, no nausea, vomit or fever and Blumberg sign negative. The laboratory data showed leukocytosis (13.780/mm 3 ), neutrophilia (80%) and 4% of eosinophils. The rest of the red series, white and biochemical, were normal. Plain radiographs of the abdomen and an electrocardiogram were within normal limits. The clinical diagnosis was acute appendicitis. After a McBurney incision, the appendix was found to be normal, with abundant intraperitoneal exudate and inflammatory induration located in the terminal ileum, which showed a microperforation. A prophylactic appendectomy was performed, followed by a wedge resection of the indurated intestinal zone. The layers of the abdominal wall were cleaned and closed. The indurated zone was opened and, in the submucosa of the terminal ileum, a nematode of 2.5 cm in length was found. The neighbouring tissues were analyzed, and the caecal appendix was found with submucosal sclerolipmatosis, and the inflamed ileum was infiltrated with abundant eosinophils.The removed larva, still moving, were placed in saline solution and fixed in 2.5% (v/v) buffered glutaraldehyde (pH 7.2), and examined first under an optical microscope and later processed and examinded under a scanning electron microscope.+ Corresponding
Two aqueous fixation methods (modified Davidson's solution and modified Davidson's solution with 2% (w/v) Alcian blue) were compared against two non‐aqueous fixation methods (methacarn solution and methacarn solution with 2% (w/v) Alcian blue) along with the standard buffered formalin fixation method to (a) improve preservation of the mucous coat on Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., gills and (b) to examine the interaction between the amoebae and mucus on the gill during an infection with amoebic gill disease. Aqueous fixatives demonstrated excellent cytological preservation but failed to deliver the preservation of the mucus when compared to the non‐aqueous‐based fixatives; qualitative and semi‐quantitative analysis revealed a greater preservation of the gill mucus using the non‐aqueous methacarn solution. A combination of this fixation method and an Alcian blue/Periodic acid–Schiff staining was tested in gills of Atlantic salmon infected with amoebic gill disease; lectin labelling was also used to confirm the mucus preservation in the methacarn‐fixed tissue. Amoebae were observed closely associated with the mucus demonstrating that the techniques employed for preservation of the mucous coat can indeed avoid the loss of potential mucus‐embedded parasites, thus providing a better understanding of the relationship between the mucus and parasite.
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