The recommendations provided in this document, including specific indications and agents enumerated in the Tables, can assist urologists in the appropriate use of periprocedural antimicrobial prophylaxis.

Breakfasts of lentils or wholemeal bread of identical carbohydrate content were taken by seven healthy volunteers. The lentils produced a significant 71% (p less than 0.001) reduction in the blood glucose area and flattened the plasma insulin and gastric inhibitory polypeptide responses by comparison with the bread. In addition, the lentil breakfast was followed by a significantly flatter blood glucose response to the standard bread lunch which followed 4 h later (by 38%, p less than 0.01). The blood glucose pattern was mimicked by feeding the bread breakfast slowly over the 4 h before lunch. Giving a bread breakfast containing a quarter of the carbohydrate reduced the breakfast glucose profile but resulted in a significantly impaired blood glucose response to lunch (168% of control, p less than 0.01). These results, together with breath hydrogen studies, performed on a separate group of four volunteers, indicate that the flattened response to lentils is not due to carbohydrate malabsorption. Slow release or "lente" carbohydrate foods such as lentils may form a useful part of the diets of those with impaired carbohydrate tolerance.

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A B S T R A C T Pressures and flows (-16 mm Hg) but increased much less by the efferent end (irE) in NSN (to 29+-1 mm Hg) than in controls (33+1, P < 0.025). Hence, equality between AP and Portions of these studies were presented at the 66th national meeting

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We have tested two of the hypotheses proposed to explain the adjustment in sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule that follows a change in the rate of glomerular filtration (glomerulotubular balance). Using the recollection micropuncture technique, we were able to measure the immediate and late changes in reabsorptive rate after an acute alteration in filtration rate produced by aortic constriction and release of constriction. It was found that fractional reabsorption, as measured by the inulin tubule fluid to plasma (TF/P) ratio, increased after aortic constriction and decreased after release, but that in most instances, absolute reabsorptive rate changed in parallel to glomerular filtration rate. The change was similar whether the collections were made less than 1 or more than 5 min after the change in blood pressure. dence against an intrarenal humoral feedback mechanism.In the same experiments we measured the (TF/P) ,, transit time, and flow rate of fluid in single nephrons before and during aortic constriction or release of aortic constriction. The change in reabsorptive rate and the simultaneous change in calculated cross-sectional area of the tubule lumen were rarely proportional, i.e., C/irr2 was not constant. In other experiments, these same measurements were made before and during periods of increased ureteral pressure. Despite large increments in calculated cross-sectional area, the absolute rate of reabsorption either remained relatively unchanged or fell in proportion to the change in filtration rate. It is concluded that under these conditions, reabsorptive rate is. governed by some factor other than tubule geometry.

Between May 1986 and February 1990, 126 consecutive men underwent lower urinary tract reconstruction by means of bilateral ureteroileal urethrostomy using a Kock ileal reservoir. The early complication rate was 11.1%. Late complications requiring rehospitalization or reoperation have been surprisingly few: 1 for prolapse of the afferent antirefluxing nipple valve, 1 for calculi and 4 for artificial urinary sphincter placement due to unsatisfactory continence. Good continence has been achieved in 94% of the patients during the day and in 84% at night. Tumor recurred in the pelvis in 5 patients, with 4 requiring cutaneous urinary diversion. All patients had progression or died of metastatic disease. Our experience has yielded extraordinary results in terms of patient acceptance with few late complications or need for reoperation.