Determinants of glomerular filtration in experimental glomerulonephritis in the rat.

Maddox, David A.; Bennett, Carol J.; Deen, William M.; Glassock, Richard J.; Knutson, D W; Daugharty, Terrance M.; Brenner, Barry M.

doi:10.1172/jci107934

Cited by 118 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In rats with experimental nephritis or 1-sided nephrectomy, glomerular hypertension appears without hypertension. 21,22,25,26 The glomerular pressure in our patients with normal to high-normal pressure may be higher than that in our patients with optimal pressure. We calculated the glomerular pressure in the patients of this study by the method used in our previous study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Sodium Sensitivity of Blood Pressure Appearing Before Hypertension and Related to Histological Damage in Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy

et al. 2001

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Abstract-Patients with renal parenchymal disease exhibit sodium-sensitive hypertension. We examined patients with immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy to determine whether this sensitivity appears before hypertension begins and whether this sensitivity is related to histological damage. Thirty-eight patients with IgA nephropathy followed a diet with an ordinary sodium level for 1 week and a sodium-restricted diet for 1 week, in random order, and were divided into 3 groups by their systemic blood pressure on the diet with an ordinary sodium level (optimal, Ͻ120/Ͻ80 mm Hg, nϭ15; normal to high-normal, 120 to 139/80 to 89 mm Hg, nϭ18; hypertensive, Ն140/Ն90 mm Hg, nϭ5). The sodium sensitivity index was calculated as the reciprocal of the slope of the pressure-natriuresis curve drawn by linkage of 2 datum points obtained during the different diets. The scores for glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial damage were evaluated semiquantitatively. The sensitivity index, glomerulosclerosis score, and score for tubulointerstitial damage were higher in patients with normal to high-normal blood pressure or hypertension than in patients with optimal pressure. The sensitivity index was significantly correlated with glomerulosclerosis (Pϭ0.001) and tubulointerstitial damage (Pϭ0.002). In patients with normal to high-normal pressure, sodium restriction lowered blood pressure to the optimal range and decreased proteinuria. In patients with IgA nephropathy, sodium sensitivity of blood pressure related to renal histological damage appears before hypertension.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Sodium Sensitivity of Blood Pressure Appearing Before Hypertension and Related to Histological Damage in Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy

et al. 2001

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“…The schematic diagram in Figure 4 illustrates that the magnitude of the GFR is dependent on RPF, glomerular ultrafiltration pressure (P UF ), and the K f . The single-nephron GFR is a product of P UF and the SNK f (12,13). P UF is determined by the opposing pressures across the glomerular capillary wall, where ΔP is the difference between glomerular capillary hydraulic pressure and Bowman's space hydraulic pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal study of living kidney donor glomerular dynamics after nephrectomy

Lenihan¹,

Busque²,

Derby³

et al. 2015

J. Clin. Invest.

152

100

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ResultsResponse to donor nephrectomy in healthy humans. Twenty-one subjects underwent clinical, physiological, and radiological assessments immediately before, early after (median, 0.8 years), and late after (median, 6.1 years) (hereafter, pre-donation, early post-donation, and late post-donation) living kidney donation. A morphometric evaluation of glomeruli was performed on renocortical tissue that was obtained by wedge biopsy at the time of donor nephrectomy in 19 subjects. Baseline demographic, physio-BACKGROUND. Over 5,000 living kidney donor nephrectomies are performed annually in the US. While the physiological changes that occur early after nephrectomy are well documented, less is known about the long-term glomerular dynamics in living donors. METHODS.We enrolled 21 adult living kidney donors to undergo detailed long-term clinical, physiological, and radiological evaluation pre-, early post-(median, 0.8 years), and late post-(median, 6.3 years) donation. A morphometric analysis of glomeruli obtained during nephrectomy was performed in 19 subjects.RESULTS. Donors showed parallel increases in single-kidney renal plasma flow (RPF), renocortical volume, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) early after the procedure, and these changes were sustained through to the late post-donation period. We used mathematical modeling to estimate the glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient (K f ), which also increased early and then remained constant through the late post-donation study. Assuming that the filtration surface area (and hence, K f ) increased in proportion to renocortical volume after donation, we calculated that the 40% elevation in the single-kidney GFR observed after donation could be attributed exclusively to an increase in the K f . The prevalence of hypertension in donors increased from 14% in the early post-donation period to 57% in the late post-donation period. No subjects exhibited elevated levels of albuminuria. CONCLUSIONS.Adaptive hyperfiltration after donor nephrectomy is attributable to hyperperfusion and hypertrophy of the remaining glomeruli. Our findings point away from the development of glomerular hypertension following kidney donation.

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“…The recent studies by Maddox et al have also demonstrated a reduction in the glomerular permeability coefficient (LpA or Kf) in the autologous phase of AGBM Ab-induced nephritis, 2-3 wk after the injection of 40 t'g of nephrotoxic Ab (28,29). In spite of the reduction in LPA, the filtration rate was unchanged from control due to compensating increases in rpf and AP.…”

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confidence: 94%

Acute effects of antiglomerular basement membrane antibody on the process of glomerular filtration in the rat.

Blantz¹,

Wilson²

1976

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Nephron filtration rate (sngfr) and the factors controlling filtration were examined before and within 60 min of the intravenous infusion of 225-450 Ag of antiglomerular basement membrane antibody (AGBM Ab) (> 50% antigenic saturation) in plasma-expanded (2.5% body wt) Munich-Wistar rats. Pressures in glonmerular capillaries (PG) and Bowman's space (Pt) were measured with a servo-nulling device, systemic (l7rA) and efferent arteriolar oncotic pressures (irE) were measured by microprotein methods, and nephron plasma flow (rpf) and sngfr were measured by micropuncture techniques in both control and post-AGBM Ab conditions in each rat. The sngfr fell from 52.7±2.9 to 24.1±+1.9 nl/min per g kidney wt (n = 7, P <0.001).Both afferent and efferent arteriolar resistances increased and rpf fell from 221±25 to 90±9 nl/min per g kidney wt (P < 0.001) but the hydrostatic pressure gradient across the glomerular membrane (AP = PG -Pt) increased from 37±1 to 50±2 mm Hg (P < 0.001). The increase in AP and a numerical decrease in TA both acted to maintain sngfr after AGBM Ab and effectively nullified the influence of decreased rpf upon sngfr. The nmean effective filtration pressure (EFP = AP -i) increased from 14±2 to 30±3 mm Hg (P < 0.001) while sngfr decreased. The major and critical reason for this reduction in sngfr was a decrease in the glomerular permeability coefficient from 0.077+0.017 to 0.014+0.001 nl/s per g kidney wt per mm Hg (P <0

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Determinants of glomerular filtration in experimental glomerulonephritis in the rat.

Abstract: A B S T R A C T Pressures and flows (-16 mm Hg) but increased much less by the efferent end (irE) in NSN (to 29+-1 mm Hg) than in controls (33+1, P < 0.025). Hence, equality between AP and Portions of these studies were presented at the 66th national meeting

Cited by 118 publications

References 26 publications

Sodium Sensitivity of Blood Pressure Appearing Before Hypertension and Related to Histological Damage in Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy

Sodium Sensitivity of Blood Pressure Appearing Before Hypertension and Related to Histological Damage in Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy

Longitudinal study of living kidney donor glomerular dynamics after nephrectomy

Acute effects of antiglomerular basement membrane antibody on the process of glomerular filtration in the rat.

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