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RESUMO: Objetivo: Apresentar os aspectos metodológicos do Projeto Saúde Brumadinho e descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos participantes da linha de base da coorte. Métodos: Coorte prospectiva, de base populacional, em amostra representativa dos residentes (12 anos ou mais de idade) de Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, após rompimento de barragem de rejeitos de mineração. As informações para a linha de base foram coletadas em 2021, dois anos após o rompimento da barragem de rejeitos de mineração, incluindo aspectos sociodemográficos, de saúde, uso de serviços, entre outros. Foram descritas prevalências de desfechos em saúde em Brumadinho, bem como na região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte e em Minas Gerais, utilizando os dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2019. Todas as análises foram realizadas no Stata 17.0, considerando-se os pesos amostrais e o efeito de delineamento. Resultados: Participaram 3.080 (86,4%) moradores, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (56,7%) e com média de idade de 46,1 anos. As doenças referidas mais frequentes foram hipertensão arterial (30,1%), colesterol alto (23,1%) e depressão (22,5%). Pelo menos uma consulta médica e uma hospitalização no último ano ocorreram em 75,2% e 9,4% dos entrevistados, respectivamente. Conclusão: É importante o monitoramento das condições de saúde, físicas e mentais, após ocorrência de um desastre dessa magnitude. Esse conhecimento poderá contribuir para a gestão de risco desses processos não só no município atingido, mas em outras áreas nas quais as populações estão sob risco de grandes desastres.

Análise temporal da relação entre leptospirose e ocorrência de inundações por chuvas no município do Rio de Janeiro,

This study evaluated transplacental mercury transfer by measuring Hg in blood samples of mothers and newborns (umbilical cord) IntroductionStudies on mercury (Hg) in the Amazon region in the 1980s and 1990s emphasized the extent of mercury pollution in gold-mining areas, due mainly to source emission, dispersion mechanisms, and accumulation in geological materials (soils, sediments, and water) and in the aquatic biota, mainly fish. Several studies have also focused on identifying populations (especially riverside dwellers) potentially exposed to organic mercury compounds through consumption of foods containing high Hg levels 1,2,3,4,5,6 . These studies concentrated on mercury pollution in gold-mining areas, but without approaching clinical aspects of exposure to Hg compounds 5,7,8,9 .The first study on clinical signs and symptoms emphasized prospectors, gold shop workers, and riverside communities in the Tapajós Basin, with the first reports of suspected cases of mercury poisoning between 1986 and 1991 10 . The study assessed Hg levels in blood and urine samples and included motor coordination tests. Despite high Hg levels in the samples, no clinically confirmed signs and symptoms of mercury poisoning were identified in these individuals. This apparent paradox has been attributed to the high prevalence of tropical diseases in the Amazon region that can mask the classical signs and symptoms of Hg poisoning. However, studies are needed that integrate information on the health conditions of these communities, including the Cad. Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro,

Este artigo apresenta a experiência do Programa de Saúde do Trabalhador Adolescente (PSTA) do Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente da Uerj. Na área assistencial, a equipe multidisciplinar do Núcleo vem desenvolvendo um modelo de atenção integral aos adolescentes trabalhadores, buscando analisar as questões ligadas ao nexo causal entre os agravos à saúde e o processo produtivo em que estão envolvidos. No que se refere à extensão, os profissionais, em associação com alguns adolescentes trabalhadores, vêm desenvolvendo uma metodologia de educação em saúde resgatando a discussão sobre o potencial produtivo de maneira abrangente, abordando temas que vão além da questão do trabalho. Devido ao conhecimento adquirido, a equipe, em parceria com a OIT, recebeu a incumbência de elaborar materiais pedagógicos para a formação e capacitação de recursos humanos sobre saúde e segurança no trabalho infanto-juvenil. Conclui-se que, diante das políticas públicas para a eliminação do trabalho infantil e proteção do trabalhador adolescente, já em vigência em nível nacional, a experiência relatada aponta para a necessidade da criação de programas semelhantes para a garantia dos direitos desta população.

Rev. Bras. Saúde Matern. Infant., Recife, 14 (4): 413-421 out. / dez., 2014 413 ARTIGOS ORIGINAIS / ORIGINAL ARTICLES Perfil de exposição ao chumbo em crianças escolares da rede municipal da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, BrasilThe lead exposure profile of municipal public schoolchildren in the city of Rio de Janeiro, AbstractObjectives: to describe the levels of environmental exposure to lead among children from two schools in regions with distinct social and environmental features in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro.Methods: a pilot study was carried out in a convenience sample of 270 students. Analysis of capillary blood samples was conducted using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Lead exposure among the children was estimated on the basis of the their daily habits and behavior patterns and the presence of sources of lead in the household or surrounding area.Results: the mean concentration of lead in capillary blood was 3.59 µg/dL ± 2.25. Five children (1.85%) had concentrations higher than 10 µg/dL. A statistically significant difference was found in the mean concentration of lead in capillary blood for the variables age (p=0.034), per capita income (p=0.005) and exposure to lead (p=0.044). The variables mean household per capita income and age were inversely proportional to the concentration of lead and exposure status directly proportional. There was a statistically significant difference between the schools (p=0.004) in terms of the prevalence of children exposed to lead.Conclusions: although the school variable was not a good predictor of capillary concentrations of lead, the higher prevalence of children exposed to lead was found in the school situated in the most polluted area.

Aim: Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are persistent pollutants associated with adverse birth outcomes. This study aimed to identify predictors of blood PFOA and PFOS concentrations in pregnant women and to estimate their associations with birth outcomes in Brazil. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 139 pregnant women enrolled in the pilot study of the Rio Birth Cohort Study on Environmental Exposure and Childhood Development (PIPA Project). Multiple linear regression was used to estimate associations between PFOA and PFOS with maternal predictors and birth outcomes. Results: Higher levels of PFOA were observed in women aged 16-19 and 20-39 years, while fish consumption from 0.6 to 2.0 times per week was associated with lower levels of the substance. PFOS levels were higher in women living in houses with up to four rooms but lower in those who reported passive exposure to smoking. Increased newborn length and head circumference were also associated with higher maternal levels of PFOA. Conclusions: In our study, age, fish consumption, passive smoking, and the number of rooms in the house were predictors of maternal PFAS levels. However, we did not observe significant associations between maternal plasma PFAS concentrations and birth outcomes.

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