The proximity to the patient during dental care, high generation of aerosols, and the identification of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva have suggested the oral cavity as a potential reservoir for COVID-19 transmission. Mouthwashes are widely-used solutions due to their ability to reduce the number of microorganisms in the oral cavity. Although there is still no clinical evidence that they can prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, preoperative antimicrobial mouth rinses with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), povidone-iodine (PVP-I), and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) have been recommended to reduce the number of microorganisms in aerosols and drops during oral procedures. This paper therefore aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current recommendations on the use of mouthwashes against the COVID-19 pandemic and to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of most conventional antiseptic mouthwashes used in dentistry.

With the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), strict isolation strategies to limit virus transmission have been applied worldwide. The lockdown has affected and challenged different medical areas. Doctors, nurses, dentists, and other health care workers are concerned about contagion, not only for themselves, but also for their families and colleagues. Furthermore, the oral mucosa has been accepted as a high-risk route of transmission for COVID-19. In many countries, dentists have been forced to stop working during quarantine until further notification. Isolation and its financial impact have produced physical and psychological pressure, depression, social anxiety, and other mental health concerns. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the consequences of past epidemics on mental health and to assess possible aspects that might be associated with mental implications in dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, some concrete actions to avoid subsequent potential consequences are recommended.

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Aim:The purpose of this study was to compare the validity of alveolar ridge measurements obtained with ridge mapping (RM) technique against cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) measurements.Materials and Methods:Twenty partially edentulous patients were recruited for implant placement in the Clinic of San Martin de Porres University. For all the measurements, a vacuum-formed stent was fabricated for each subject. A buccal and lingual point was made in the stent to provide a reference of measurement for each implant site. RM measurements with the stent were obtained before and after surgical flap reflection. Two calibrated observers made the CBCT images measurements. T-test was used for the statistical analysis. Values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Also, specificity and sensibility of CBCT and RM were compared. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC)_ was measure between CBCT measurements.Results:A total of 62 implants sites were evaluated. No statistical significant differences were obtained with CBCT and RM measurements (P = 0,207). Detecting proper buccal-lingual ridge, the sensitivity and specificity were 59% and 91% for RM while CBCT obtained 92% of sensitivity and 94% of specificity. Concordance was found “good” (ICC 0.82).Conclusion:Both methods provide valid measurements. Even though, we found diagnostic limitations in the RM, it demonstrated to be a useful method for its exactitude, low cost, the immediate result and no need of radiation. CBCT was recommended when the bone ridge width and height were in the less than ideal for conventional dental implant placement.

Maxillary sinus floor elevation has been extensively documented as a safe and predictable procedure for gaining vertical bone height in the atrophic posterior maxilla. Even though, complications have been reported, which can potentially jeopardize the outcome of the regeneration and implant therapy. Therefore, the purpose of this literature review is to present, debate and analyze the different complications that can occur during a sinus floor elevation.

RESUMEN: La emergencia sanitaria mundial, originada debido a la Pandemia del Covid -19, ha modificado nuestras costumbres y ha desnudado las carencias de un fragmentado sistema de salud en latinoamérica. Es crucial en estos momentos, para preservar la odontología y el bienestar de los pacientes, que a través de los ministerios de salud y colegios profesionales se tomen medidas de emergencia para ayudar al odontólogo con los altos costos de mantener la seguridad del personal y la de los pacientes en su práctica profesional.

Objetivo: Comparar la precisión diagnóstica de la radiografía digital directa (RDD) y la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (TCHC) en la detección de defectos óseos periimplantarios. Materiales y métodos: Los implantes se colocaron en 5 costillas bovinas frescas (3 sin defectos óseos periimplantarios, 12 con defectos óseos periimplantarios de 1.4mm) y se tomaron imágenes usando (i) sistema de rayos x portátil (Dexcowin 3000), (ii) sensor intraoral de rayos x (Sensor H1/ Sensor H2), (iii) TCHC de volumen limitado con 3D Accuitomo 80 (Castellini). Las imágenes de cada uno se presentaron aleatoriamente a 10 examinadores. La confianza en el diagnóstico de la presencia o ausencia de una radiotransparencia periimplantaria se registró en una escala de defecto óseo: definitivamente ausente, dudas sobre el defecto si está ausente o presente, defecto definitivamente presente. Se realizó el análisis inter e intraexaminador mediante una prueba de kappa. Resultados: Se ha obtenido una coincidencia de un 83,3% entre la radiografía digital directa y la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico en la pieza A, de un 100% en la pieza B y de un 88% en la pieza C, lo que da un total promedio de coincidencia del 90.43%. Conclusión: La radiografía digital directa brinda un mismo resultado que una tomografía computarizada de haz cónico en la detección de defectos óseos periimplantares en una fase inicial. Las radiografías digitales son un método fiable y válido y funcionan significativamente mejor que la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico para detectar defectos óseos periimplantarios en una fase inicial.

Since March 2020, the COVID-19 disease has declared a pandemic producing a worldwide containment. For months, many people were subjected to strict social isolation away from family and loved ones to prevent disease transmission, leading to anxiety, fear, and depression. On the other hand, many had to close down their businesses and stop working, resulting in financial issues. Previous studies have reported that pandemics, epidemics, and some diseases can lead to mental disorders such as fear, anxiety, stress, and depression. Among those most affected, healthcare workers (HCWs), especially those on the front line, often develop mental health problems. Although there is data available on the management and care of HCWs, little attention has been paid to the mental health and well-being of dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this chapter aims to review the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dentists’ mental health and mental health-related symptoms. Finally, to recommend specific measures to avoid consequent potential implications for dentists, dental students, and dental patients.