Araucaria or Paraná pine [Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze, 1898] is an endangered timber tree species of Atlantic Forest that naturally forms symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The objective of this experiment was to evaluate AMF colonization and spore AMF richness in araucaria seedlings produced in nursery at the metropolitan region of Curitiba, Brazil, with the interest of identifying a taxonomical AMF group. For that, soil and fine roots of 6-month-, 1-year-, 2-year-, 3-year-, and 5-year-old araucaria seedlings were sampled and evaluated. Evaluations indicated that araucaria seedlings were well colonized by AMF (with rates varying from almost 50 to over 85%) and produced an abundant number of mycorrhizal spores (from 344 to 676 spores per seedling). Samples contained spores of the species Acaulospora scrobiculata, Dentiscutata heterogama, and Glomus spinuliferum and unidentified species of genera Gigaspora and Glomus. The Glomus genus was the most abundant kind of AMF spores found under nursery conditions. Therefore, the experiment evidenced that Glomus is a promising genus candidate for being used as AMF inoculant in production of araucaria seedlings.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are beneficial microorganisms that form symbioses with vines, showing improvements favorably in the growth and nutrition of seedlings after rooting them. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of AMF species inoculation and phosphate fertilization on rooted cuttings of vine rootstocks in a greenhouse. Woody rootstock cuttings from 'IAC 766' Campinas vines were prepared to promote rooting. After 45 days, the cuttings were transplanted and subjected to treatments that consisted of the inoculation of different species of AMF and fertilization with two doses of phosphorus (simple superphosphate) plus the control. The treatments were randomly assigned following a completely randomized design with eight replications for each treatment. After 90 days, growth parameters, macro and micronutrient content (shoot and root), root colonization and mycorrhizal effect of the extracted nutrients were evaluated. The inoculation with AMF species influenced the growth parameters, root colonization and extraction of macro and micronutrients from the cuttings of the 'IAC 766' rootstock, highlighting the inoculation with species of the genus Acaulospora, either individually or associated. Phosphorous fertilization affected growth parameters and extraction of macro and micronutrients, but these were to a lesser degree compared to that verified by the inoculation of AMF species.
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