Given its vast border with the United States, Mexico is a strategic trade and economic development region, which creates significant challenges in combating crime and violence. In recent years, Mexico´s federal and state governments have focused their efforts on the development of strategies to combat and weaken the criminal structures operating in the country by using legal instruments such as seizure, abandonment, and extinction of domain. This study seeks to identify the challenges faced by the states of Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Sonora, and Tamaulipas in their efforts to combat crime through the collection of primary and secondary data and interviews with key actors. Mexico faces major challenges in the development of public policies to fortify the legal precepts of extinction of domain, in addition to fostering institutional links with the Financial and Patrimonial Intelligence Units of Mexico's northern Border States. There are few studies about subnational efforts for asset forfeiture as a policy instrument against criminal elements in developing countries. The Mexican case presents important subnational efforts to improve security strategies that may provide guidance for other subnational governments or regions that may be facing similar challenges or are pursuing parallel initiatives.
La influencia legislativa de la oposición en las iniciativas de los gobiernos en minoría en México, 1997-2012 The legislative influence of the opposition in the initiatives of the minority governments in Mexico, 1997-2012 Carlos Vázquez Ferrel* Resumen Los estudios sobre la dinámica de los gobiernos en minoría en sistemas presidenciales son escasos a pesar de su frecuencia en América Latina. Este trabajo analiza la influencia legislativa de la oposición-entendida como las enmiendas que ella impulsa-sobre las iniciativas de los presidentes de los gobiernos mexicanos en minoría del periodo 1997-2012. Se argumenta que uno de los mecanismos que viabilizaron la aprobación de piezas de la agenda legislativa de los presidentes fue, precisamente, la participación activa de legisladores de oposición en el contenido final de estas iniciativas. A partir de una base de datos original-que capta la magnitud de cambio que implica cada enmienda-se muestra la influencia legislativa de la oposición, que se revela intensa y variante. Son puestos en juego dos modelos analítico-explicativos para identificar los factores que incrementan la probabilidad de que varíe esta influencia legislativa, la cual se encuentra pautada por modificaciones en el sistema de partidos y la dinámica político-contextual.
Party leaders seek candidates with the technical competence and career trajectories necessary to allow them to negotiate the legislative process, as well as to collaborate with the party leadership in relation to the coordination of both inter-and intra-party affairs. Using data from three legislative cycles of the Mexican Chamber of Deputies (2009 to 2016), we seek to explain the parliamentary actions of legislators in relation to characteristics such as their gender, mode of election, prior experience, and educational, legislative and partisan backgrounds. The objective is to identify some of the determinants of institutional power in a sui generis congress conditioned by the use of a mixed electoral system and a prohibition on consecutive re-election. The findings show that partisan leadership opportunities in the legislative branch tend to favor male legislators, those elected from party lists (as opposed to those elected by local majorities), those with previous legislative and partisan experience, and those whose political trajectories have seen them advance from the local to the national level.
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