This paper analyses the evolution of regional inequality in Brazil in the period 1939±1995. Based on a data set organized by the author, indicators of per capita income dispersion among states and regions are presented and their evolution over time is analyzed. The correlation between the regional initial level of per capita income and its growth is considered, testing for Beta convergence. The speed of convergence is calculated in two di¨erent forms, the neoclassical model and the coe½cient of variation, the later allowing for the analysis of oscillations in inequality over time and its relationship to national economic growth rates. The Kuznetz hypothesis, relating regional income inequality and level of development, is tested. The results indicate the presence of signs of regional income convergence in Brazil, but with important oscillations in the evolution of inequality over time as well as across regions within the country. The association of regional inequality with national income growth produced interesting results, indicating a promising line for future research.

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. This paper takes up some of the newly developed tools of spatial econometrics to analyse the importance of geography in regional growth. This perspective is used to characterise growth features in the Brazilian economy. Two strands of empirical literature are brought together to draw the picture of geography as a factor affecting differential economic performance. Firstly, spatial statistics tradition is implemented to examine the spatial dependence of regional per capita income in Brazil for the last six decades. Secondly, the role that geography may have on the determination of growth paths is approached using intradistribution dynamics tools based on the construction of Markov transition matrices and stochastic kernels, for discrete and continuous analysis respectively. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o nível de atividade do agronegócio da agricultura familiar no Brasil, para o período de 1995 a 2003. Através dos Modelos de Insumo-Produto foi possível estimar a importância do Produto Interno Bruto do agronegócio familiar no contexto nacional. Concretamente, os resultados demonstram que cerca de 1/3 do agronegócio brasileiro advém da produção agropecuária realizada pelos agricultores familiares, cabendo observar, também, que o desempenho recente da agropecuária familiar e de todo o complexo a ela articulada vem sendo bastante positivo, superando, inclusive, as taxas de crescimento relativas ao segmento patronal.
This paper presents the results for the familiar activity level of the agricultural agribusiness in the Brazilian economy for the period from 1995 to 2003. Using input-output models it was possible to estimate the importance of the Gross Domestic Product of the familiar agribusiness in the national economy. The results show that around 1/3 of the Brazilian agribusiness come from the agricultural production done by the familiar agriculture, it was also noticed that the recent development of the familiar agriculture and of its links has been very positive, suppressing, the growth rates found in the non-familiar segment

In this note we provide evidence on the importance of location for the growth of per capita income of Brazilian states over the period 1985-2001. The study presents strong evidence of spatial dependence, and that regional inequality reduction occurred simultaneously with increasing spatial autocorrelation. The analysis of local indicators of spatial association confirmed that conclusion, showing the existence of two geographical clusters, one of low income states in the Northeast and North regions, and another of rich states in the Southeast and South regions. The low value for the convergence coefficient, in conjunction with the strong influence of shocks in the residuals, indicate the existence of a very sensible dynamic pattern of convergence across Brazilian states, which helps explaining the well documented persistence in regional income disparities in Brazil. After conditioning on other important variables that could affect growth, however, spatial dependence disappears. We have thus identified two potential channels through which the strong spatial dependence in the process of convergence of per capita income of Brazilian states occurs. Copyright (c) 2006 the author(s). Journal compilation (c) 2006 RSAI.

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