Technical reports indicate that wireless and mobile devices will account for 71% of all IP traffic by 2022, an increase of 19% over four years. This increase is related to advances in wireless data communication technologies. Wireless networks have become one of the most important ways to connect devices to the Internet, therein improving productivity and encouraging information sharing. IEEE 802.11, known as Wi-Fi, has become the main standard for wireless local area networks. The most important metrics for measuring the quality of Wi-Fi are delay, jitter, and packet loss. Packet loss occurs when one or more packets fail to reach their destination and can occur for a variety of reasons. Packet loss influences the user's perceived quality of applications over Wi-Fi networks, mainly multimedia and real-time applications. The availability of accurate models for packet loss in Wi-Fi networks enables the development of more efficient methods for performance analysis and network design, as well as better computational simulations. Modeling packet loss in such networks presents a major challenge because packets may be lost for many different reasons, including signal attenuation, noise, multipathing, signal refraction, thermal noise, competition for media access and buffer issues. In this paper, we provide an overview of the causes of packet loss and a comprehensive survey of the available models for packet loss in Wi-Fi networks. The potential benefits of the survey are: (i) the systematic presentation of available packet loss models for Wi-Fi networks, their parameters, and respective packet loss rate evaluation, (ii) comparison of models considering validation scenarios and input parameters, and (iii) description of open issues and future research directions. We hope that our analysis will help researchers understand the most important characteristics of the packet loss process in Wi-Fi networks and the strengths and weaknesses of the main packet loss models.INDEX TERMS Gilbert-Elliot model, packet loss model, packet loss rate, Wi-Fi communication.

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The evolution of wireless technologies has enabled the creation of networks for several purposes as health care monitoring. The Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) enable continuous and real-time monitoring of physiological signals, but that monitoring leads to an excessive data transmission usage, and drastically affects the power consumption of the devices. Although there are approaches for reducing energy consumption, many of them do not consider information redundancy to reduce the power consumption. This paper proposes a hybrid approach of local data compression, called GROWN, to decrease information redundancy during data transmission and reduce the energy consumption. Our approach combines local data compression methods found in WSN. We have evaluated GROWN by experimentation, and the results show a decrease in energy consumption of the devices and an increase in network lifetime.