Objectives To understand the role of household variables on the percentage of physical activity (%PA) during the COVID-19 confinement in Portugal. Study Design A Cross-sectional study design using an anonymous online survey was launched to assess how Portuguese families with children under 13 years of age adjusted their daily routines to the confinement. Methods Separate ANOVAs were performed to investigate how factors, such as the number of children, age, sex, the housing characteristics, and the adults’ job situation, can affect the percentage of time for physical activity (%PA). Results Findings, based on data from 2159 children, indicate that: I) Boys and girls did not differ in the %PA on any of the age groups; II) Children with an outdoor space and who had other children in the household were significantly more active (p<.001); III) Children from families with all adults working from home showed lower levels of %PA; IV) Being younger, having a big outdoor space, having other children in the household, and having at least one adult free from working from home, were significant positive predictors of children’s %PA, explaining 21% of the overall variance. Conclusion Time allocated for PA during this period is reduced compared to what is usually reported on normal days. It is necessary to find strategies to increase children's PA, especially in families where both parents are working and have no outdoor space.

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Objectives: Aiming to understand the role of household variables on the percentage of physical activity (%PA) during the COVID-19 confinement, an anonymous online survey was launched to be completed by Portuguese families with children. Study Design: A Cross-sectional study design using an anonymous online survey that was launched to assess how Portuguese families with children under 13 years of age adjusted their daily routines to this situation. Methods: Separate ANOVAs were performed to investigate how factors, such as the number of children, age, sex, the housing characteristics, and the adults’ job situation, can affect the percentage of time for physical activity (%PA). Results: Findings, based on data from 2159 children, indicate that: I) Boys and girls did not differ in the %PA on any of the age groups; II) Children with an outdoor space and who had other children in the household were significantly more active (p<.001); III) Children from families with all adults working from home showed lower levels of %PA; IV) Being younger, having a big outdoor space, having other children in the household, and having at least one adult free from working from home, were significant positive predictors of children’s %PA, explaining 21% of the overall variance. Conclusion: Time allocated for PA during this period is reduced compared to what is usually reported on normal days. It is necessary to find strategies to increase children's PA, especially in families where both parents are working and have no outdoor space.

Este artigo está publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições, desde que o trabalho seja corretamente citado. ESTADO NUTRICIONAL E FATORES ASSOCIADOS EM IDOSOS: EVIDÊNCIAS COM BASE EM INQUÉRITO TELEFÔNICO Nutritional status and associated factors in the elderly: evidence based on telephone survey Estado nutricional y factores asociados en ancianos: evidencias basadas en encuesta telefónicaCentro de Pesquisa René Rachou -CPqRR /Fiocruz -Belo Horizonte (MG) -Brasil RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional e fatores associados em idosos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado entre junho e outubro de 2016, com 720 idosos. Utilizaram-se informações demográficas, socioeconômicas, comportamentais e de estado de saúde, de indivíduos com idade maior ou igual a 60 anos, provenientes do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por inquérito telefônico (VIGITEL), no ano de 2013. Foram ajustadas as medidas de associação para sobrepeso e obesidade, de acordo com variáveis estudadas, segundo modelo logístico binomial. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (59,7%, n=430), com escolaridade até o ensino fundamental (70,5%, n=508) e não trabalhavam (75,2%, n=541). A prevalência de excesso de peso e de obesidade nos idosos foi de 57,5% (n=414) e 19,9% (n=143), respectivamente. Substituíam refeições principais por lanche (cinco ou mais vezes na semana) 33,8% (n=243) dos idosos. Referiram pressão alta 62,8% (n=452) dos idosos, 21,2% (n=153) eram diabéticos, 35,4% (n=255) apresentavam colesterol alto e 35,4% (n=255) tinham dislipidemia. Ser hipertenso e ter dislipidemia aumentavam a chance de ter excesso de peso. O aumento da idade diminuiu a chance de ter excesso de peso. A obesidade foi positivamente associada à hipertensão arterial, à dislipidemia e ao sexo feminino. Conclusão: Observou-se alto percentual de excesso de peso e obesidade, sendo os idosos com pressão alta, dislipidemia e hábito de substituir as refeições principais por lanche os com maiores chances de apresentar excesso de peso e obesidade. ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate the nutritional status and associated factors in the elderly. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, carried out between June and October 2016, with 720 elderly individuals. It used demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and health status information on individuals aged 60 years or older, originating from the system Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases through Telephone Survey (VIGITEL), in the year 2013. The measures of association for overweight and obesity were adjusted according to some variables studied, on the binomial logistic model. Results : Most of the participants were women (59.7%, n=430), with education until middle school (70.5%, n=508), and did not work (75.2%, n=541). The prevalence of excess weight and obesity in the elderly was 57.5% (n=414) and 19.9% (n=143), respectively. Ma...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of drinking-water treatment residuals (DWTR) in the amendment of a soil affected by mining activities (Aljustrel mine, Portuguese sector of the Iberian Pyrite Belt), considering the effects on its chemical, biochemical and ecotoxicological characteristics. The DWTR had neutral characteristics (pH 6.7) and an organic matter (OM) content of 575 g kg dry matter (DM), which makes them a potential amendment for the remediation of mine degraded soils, as they may correct soil acidity and reduce the extractable metal fraction. An incubation assay, with soil and DWTR, with or without lime, was carried out to test the doses to be used in the assisted-phytostabilization experiment. Based on the results obtained, the doses of DWTR used were the equivalent to 48, 96, and 144 t DM ha, with and without lime application (CaCO 11 t DM ha). Agrostis tenuis Sibth was used as the test plant. Some amendments doses were able to improve soil characteristics (pH and OM content), to decrease metal extractability by 0.01 M CaCl (especially for Cu and Zn), and to allow plant growth, that did not occur in the non-amended soil. Copper, Pb and Zn concentrations in the plant material were lower than the maximum tolerable level for cattle feed, used as an indicator of risk of entry of those metals into the human food chain. The simultaneous application of DWTR (96 and 144 t ha), with lime, allowed a reduction in the mine soil ecotoxicity, as evaluated by some lethal and sub-lethal bioassays, including luminescence inhibition of Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna acute immobilization test, mortality of Thamnocephalus platyurus, and 72-h growth inhibition of the green microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. However, DWTR were unable to increase soil microbial activity, evaluated by dehydrogenase activity, an important soil-health indicator. Also, OM content and N, concentrations increased slightly but remained low or very low (P and K extractable concentrations were not affected). In general, the bioassays highlighted a decrease in soil ecotoxicity with the presence of lime and DWTR (144 t DM ha). In conclusion, DWTR are recommended to amend acidic soils, with high concentrations of trace elements, but an additional application of organic or mineral fertilizers should be considered.