BackgroundNonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) is the most common craniofacial malformation. Due to the anatomical defect present in the alveolar process, these patients tend to exhibit more dental anomalies. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of dental anomalies in patients with NSCL/P by obtaining orthodontic documentation from Brazilian Centers for cleft lip and palate treatment.Material and MethodsA retrospective analysis (2000-2014) was conducted on orthodontic archives, radiographs and medical records of NSCL/P of 524 patients under orthodontic treatment. Panoramic radiographs and intra-oral photographs were examined to identify these anomalies. Categorical variables were expressed in terms of frequencies and percentages and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The level of significance was set at p≤0.05 in all analyses.ResultsApproximately 83.3% of the individuals had at least one dental anomaly. Tooth agenesis was the most common abnormality found in those patients (87.8%) (p<0.001). Also, the largest number of dental anomalies was detected in the group of unilateral left clefts. The prevalence of dental anomalies in the present sample of NSCL/P patients was high and reached the highest levels in patients with alveolar bone clefts.ConclusionsThis study describes the most common dental anomalies observed in patients with NSCL/P. These abnormalities can cause significant problems that may be solved or minimized by early diagnosis and treatment. Key words:Cleft lip and/or palate, dental care for children, epidemiology, craniofacial abnormalities.
Aim To conduct a systematic review of the literature on biosafety with the use of lasers. Methods The systematic review of literature was performed using MEDLINE (PubMed), Science Direct and Web of Science databases. The electronic search strategy included terms in the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) related to biosafety in dentistry and laser, forms of contamination with aerosols, as well as their synonyms. The selected keywords were “aerosol virus transmission dentistry,” “laser‐generated air contaminants,” “biosafety dentistry laser” combined with the terms AND/OR. Results A total of 1334 abstracts were reviewed, resulting in inclusion of 23 reviews. The dental surgeons are professionals with a high risk of contamination; high‐power lasers form aerosols that need to be controlled and low‐power lasers must be protected to minimize the risks of cross‐infection. Conclusion The biosafety of using lasers is important for professionals can be more oriented as to the correct use of this equipment. This study has the relevance of showing biosafety measures for the professional, staff and patients, as well as suggesting that more studies that are clinical should be conducted in this area.
Introdução: A cárie dentária é mundialmente a doença mais comum que influencia negativamente na qualidade de vida das pessoas. Com o avanço das pesquisas, o diagnóstico da lesão cariosa e uso de materiais e técnicas tem ganhado um caráter mais conservador. Objetivo: Avaliar por meio de evidências cientificas disponíveis na literatura, as atuais propostas de intervenções e protocolos para o tratamento da cárie, tendo como objetivo a máxima preservação e mínima intervenção na estrutura dental. Metodologia: Seleção dos artigos nas bases de dados, MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval Sistem on-line), PUBMED. A partir das palavras-chave “caries”, “partial” e “removal”, 50 artigos (2010 a 2021) foram pré-selecionados. Seguindo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 17 artigos analisando de acordo com o manejo de lesões observando a severidade, o grau de atividade da cárie e tipo de material e técnica a serem empregados. Resultados: Os estudos demonstram uma maior compreensão da evolução da cárie, o estabelecimento de um diagnóstico mais criterioso e o desenvolvimento de materiais adesivos e bioativos tem possibilitado tratamentos minimamente invasivos. Diferenças significativas entre as técnicas de remoção total, parcial e em 2 passos (stepwise) de tecido cariado tem sido encontrada. sendo que a remoção total e em 2 passos aumentam as chances de injúria e/ou comunicação pulpar. Conclusão: A evolução dos materiais adesivos e uma maior compreensão do desenvolvimento da cárie possibilita o emprego de técnicas e materiais que garanta menor intervenção e maior sucesso clínico.
Abstract:The liver is one of the most important visceral organs, which represents a large contribution to whole animal energy expenditure and the major synthetic site of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) peptide. Decreased plane of nutrition acts by reducing the metabolic rate and mass of metabolic tissues, such as liver. Also, undernutrition results in the reduced circulating IGF-1 concentrations, due to the uncoupled growth hormone-IGF (GH-IGF) axis. This study investigated whether a 22-day period of undernutrition (half maintenance) could affect liver mass and IGF-1 protein and gene expression. Sixteen pregnant ewes fed all (n = 9) or half (n = 7) of their maintenance energy requirements were slaughtered on day 7 of pregnancy (oestrus = day 0). Body and liver mass, IGF-1 plasmatic concentrations and liver IGF-1 mRNA and protein expression were determined. Liver mass and the proportion of liver mass to empty body weight were lower in underfed animals. While IGF-1 plasmatic concentrations were lower in undernourished ewes, no differences in liver mRNA expression were found. This is the first time that differences in immunohistochemistry intensity and total content are reported in sheep. In summary, the decreased plasma IGF-1 concentrations induced by undernutrition in ewes was not associated with its reduced hepatic mRNA or protein expression, but to a decrease in liver mass.
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