This study confirmed a previous trial demonstrating improved PFS and response for the ixabepilone-capecitabine combination compared with capecitabine alone, although this did not result in improved survival.

FNAB for uveal melanoma with 25-gauge needle is a safe procedure that can yield diagnostic and prognostic information in vast majority of cases (92% and 85%, respectively). Even so, only about half of the eligible cases eventually enrolled into the adjuvant therapy trial. Possibility of negative FNAB yield should be considered when counselling patients with small tumours. Alternative means of diagnostic biopsy and methods of prognostication need to be assessed for small tumours.

Purpose To report the clinical features, possible associations and treatment outcomes of patients with macular hole after pars plana vitrectomy (single or multiple) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Methods Retrospective consecutive case series from July 2009 to July 2014. Results In the 15 study patients, the average time from retinal detachment surgery to macular hole diagnosis was 119 days (range: 41 – 398 months). Possible associations include epiretinal membrane (73%, 11/15 patients), macula-off retinal detachment (60%, 9/15 patients), recurrent retinal detachment (47%, 7/15 patients) and high myopia (56%, 5/9 patients). Single surgery was successful in hole closure in 8/15 patients (Group A) while 7/15 patients underwent multiple surgeries (Group B). Macular hole closure was achieved in 7/8 (87.5%) patients in Group A compared to 4/7 (57.1%) patients in Group B. Improvement of at least two lines of Snellen’s visual acuity was achieved in 4/8 (50.0%) and 4/7 (57.1%) patients in Group A and B respectively. Conclusion In patients with macular hole formation after pars plana vitrectomy for retinal detachment, possible associations were epiretinal membrane, macula-off retinal detachment, recurrent retinal detachment and high myopia. Even when macular hole closure was achieved, limited visual improvement occurred.

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MUS, PVS, and Burch colposuspension are effective treatments for SUI. Evidence for recommendations to treat patients in underserved low resource areas is lacking. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:518-528, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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To compare the smooth muscle content and apoptosis of the vagina in women with and without anterior vaginal wall prolapse. Vaginal tissues were sampled in women with (n = 6) or without (n = 6) anterior vaginal wall prolapse undergoing hysterectomy. Smooth muscle of the vagina was studied by immunohistochemistry. Digital image analysis was used to determine the fractional area of smooth muscle in the histologic cross-sections. Apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL assay. The fractional area of non-vascular smooth muscle in the vagina of women with anterior vaginal wall prolapse was significantly decreased compared to women without prolapse (0.36 +/- 0.12 vs. 0.16 +/- 0.12 P = 0.021) and the apoptotic index was significantly higher compared to women without prolapse (0.04 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.02 +/- 0.03, P = 0.041). The fraction of smooth muscle in the vagina is significantly decreased and the rate of apoptosis is higher in women with anterior vaginal wall prolapse compared to women without prolapse.

Total vaginectomy and urethral lengthening procedures at the time of GAS are relatively safe procedures, and using the described technique provides excellent tissue for urethral prelamination and a low complication rate in both the short and long term.