A water-insoluble polymer, poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate-co-4-vinylpyridine), was synthesized by radical polymerization at different amounts (2, 4, 6, and 8 mol %) of crosslinking reagent (CR). The polymerization yield ranged from 83.5% to 100.0%. The resin is characterized by FT IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The water absorption capacity, WAC (110 g/g dry resin), was obtained for the resin with a 2 mol % of CR. The metal ion affinity is studied by Batch equilibrium procedure under different experimental conditions for the cations: Hg(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), Cr(III), and Al(III). The metal ion affinity increased as the pH increased. At pH 5, the resin presented an affinity above 90% for all metal ions. Hg(II) presented the highest retention value at pH 2. The maximum metal ion retention capacity is determined at optimum pH for Hg(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II).
A set of water-insoluble resins based on sodium styrene sulfonate and different comonomers were synthesized. The resins poly(mono-2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl succinate-co-sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) P(MOES-co-SSNa), poly(2-acrylamido glycolic acid-co-sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) P(AGA-co-SSNa), poly(acrylamideco-sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) P(AAm-co-SSNa), and poly(2-(dimethylamine)ethyl acrylate-co-sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) P(DMAEA-co-SSNa) were synthesized by solution radical polymerization. The metal ion retention properties were studied by batch procedure for Cd(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), and Hg(II). Resins performance was compared with a poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PSSNa) resin in order to evaluate the effect of comonomer on sorption properties. The effect of pH, time, temperature, and maximum retention capacity were studied. In addition, sorption experiments were carried out under competitive ion conditions to study the selectivity of resins. The resins P(AAm-co-SSNa) and P(AGA-co-SSNa), showed the most important differences compared with PSSNa resin, the former present higher sorption and the latter presented selectivity for Hg(II) at pH 2.
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