ObjectivesThis work aimed to evaluate the quality of non-sterile formulations compounded at Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira (Covilhã, Portugal) immediately after preparation and up to the defined ‘beyond-use date’.MethodsMicrobiological quality control tests were performed in accordance with monograph 5.1.4 of the European Pharmacopoeia 8.0. Samples of compounded products were collected from January to December 2014 after preparation and were analysed immediately and reanalysed after storage under the established conditions, for each preparation.ResultsIn the test period, 392 preparations were analysed, corresponding to 24 different formulations (8 intermediate preparations, 11 oral solutions/suspensions and 5 topical preparations). All preparations were in accordance with the pharmacopoeia specifications immediately after preparation. However, for the formulations ‘prednisolone oral solution (5 mg/mL)’ and ‘nitroglycerine and cinchocaine ointment (0.25%/0.5%)’, the microbial counts of some batches exceeded the defined limits after storage up to the beyond-use date.ConclusionsThese results show that the compounding practices implemented at this pharmacy department are able to ensure the microbiological quality of compounded products. This microbiological quality control methodology also allowed identification of the need to replace formulations shown not to be stable throughout the storage period. On the basis of these results, a monthly routine of microbiological control of a random sample of compounded medicines was established in order to ensure their quality and safety for use.
Peace missions often focus on statebuilding policies, being statebuilding a key aspect in these interventions. However, beyond or parallel to the democratisation process, questions regarding global justice arise. In this paper we are going to analyse the situation in Timor-Leste. We are going to argue that, beyond the classic democratisation approach, there are a number of factors that still have to be addressed, and these can be intrinsically related to democracy. We will conclude that the focus of the international interventions, especially within multi-dimensional missions and, therefore, the priorities of the host state, should go beyond the formal democratisation aspect. Social and economic factors, much related to the idea of global justice, should also be present and be a key aspect and result of these interventions.
Resumo: Mário Cláudio tem vindo, ao longo dos 50 anos que se comemoram em 2019, desde a publicação, em 1969, de Ciclo de Cypris, a cultivaruma escrita coerente, com linhas de continuidade assinaláveis, de resto, como é apanágio de escritores de elevada qualidade estética.Partindo da sua última obra dada à estampa até então,Memórias Secretas (abril de 2018), onde podemos, desde logo, apreciar a continuidade da tendência à redação de biografias ficcionais, procuramos, com o presente trabalho, cumprir, dentro do possível, até pelas naturais restrições de espaço, odesiderato de perceber como funciona esta apetênciaao estilo biográfico, não deixando de trazer à colaçãooutros aspetos estilísticos bastanterecorrentes,bem como algumas temáticas eletivas mais marcantes na sua vasta, premiada e altamente qualificada obra.Palavras-chave: Mário Cláudio; estilo; biográfico; continuidade.Abstract: Mário Cláudio, during the past 50 years that will be celebrated in 2019, since the publication of Ciclo de Cyprisin 1969, has been cultivating a coherent writing, with notes of continuity that are remarkable, by the way, as all the high aesthetic quality writers. Starting from his last work, issued until the present times, Memórias Secretas (April 2018), where we can see the continuity of the tendency to fictional biographies writing, we try, with the present work, to fulfil, as far as possible, because of the natural restrictions of space, the purpose of perceiving how does it works this tendency to the biographical style, having in mind other relevant stylistic aspects, as well as some outstanding elective themes in its huge, awarded and highly qualified work.Keywords: Mário Cláudio; style; biographical; continuity.
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