Background: Glyphosate is a pesticide considered of low toxicity, but scientific evidences show it can be harmful to health. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity in mice offspring exposed to glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) during the intrauterine period. Methods: Female matrices received glyphosate 0.3 mg/kg daily per oral throughout the gestational period, which was variable between 18 and 22 days.From the 25th until the 28th days post-birth, mice offspring were subjected to behavioral tests, and the prefrontal cortex was processed for immunohistochemical analysis. Results: Two significant behavioral changes were observed: anxiety in the GLIF0.3 group, increase in the behavior burying marbles in the marbleburying test and hyperactivity, expressed by the significant increase of the crossing number in the open field test. The increased microglia, TNF-alpha, and astrocyte expression were also observed in the prefrontal cortex of offspring treated with GLIF0.3. Conclusion:Exposure to GBH during mice intrauterine development induces hyperactive and anxious behavior, evidencing neuroinflammation.
Both psychological and neurological changes are related to deficits in communication and social interaction in patients diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). There is evidence that fetuses are exposed to agrochemicals because some agrochemicals have the capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier, thus affecting the fetal central nervous system. The aim of the present study is to carry out a literature review about maternal exposure to some pesticides and the possible relationship between this exposure and the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children. A search was conducted in the Science Direct, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Lilacs databases. As a result, in most articles the agrochemicals analyzed in this study showed that they have some relation of the exposure of mothers and children with autism spectrum disorder. It was observed that gestational contact with pesticides as chlorpyrifos interferes with early neuromotor development, causes deficits in social behavior, and increases restrictive behavior in adulthood. It was verified too the presence of endosulfan metabolites in the umbilical cord and breast milk that could interfere in the congnitive functions of the child. Contact of chlorpyrifos, ammonium glufosinate and glyphosate with pregnant women may also interfere with normal development, with changes in communication, early reflexes and affiliative behavior. A growing body of evidence suggests the role of these agrochemicals in interference with normal neurodevelopment, autism etiology, and impairment of psychomotor and mental functions, including attention and verbal skills in children.
Toxicologia: uma abordagem multidisciplinar -Volume II está licenciado sob CC BY 4.0.Esta licença exige que as reutilizações deem crédito ao criador. Ele permite que os reutilizadores distribuam, remixem, adaptem e construam o material em qualquer meio ou formato, mesmo para fins comerciais. O conteúdo da obra e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores, não representando a posição oficial da Editora Amplla. É permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores. Todos os direitos para esta edição foram cedidos à Editora Amplla.
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