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Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é investigar os principais atributos que interferem negativamente no transporte urbano de carga na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP) sob o ponto de vista do operador logístico e transportador. Os atributos dizem respeito aos regulamentos para o tráfego e entrega de mercadoria, risco na entrega, colaboração entre as empresas envolvidas no transporte de mercadoria, fatores logísticos e requisitos ambientais. Os indicadores de desempenho logístico adotados por essas empresas também são investigados. Foi realizado um levantamento de dados com 119 representantes de operadores logísticos e transportadoras que atuam na RMSP. Para os respondentes, os atributos que mais dificultam a entrega de mercadoria são congestionamento, roubo de carga e restrição na circulação de veículo. A sazonalidade de entregas durante o mês e as longas filas para carga/descarga foram apontadas pelos operadores logísticos como os maiores problemas; para os transportadores, foram apontados os locais inadequados para carga/descarga e para estacionar veículos de carga. Os indicadores cumprimento do prazo de entrega, atendimento das entregas urgentes, e tempo de entrega na última semana do mês parecem ser os menos afetados pelos atributos de carga.Palavras-chave: logística urbana; transporte urbano de carga; indicadores de desempenho logístico; região metropolitana de São Paulo. Abstract:The paper aims to analyze the attributes which negatively impact on urban freight transport, taking into account the viewpoints of logistic service providers (LSPs) and carriers. These attributes are related to regulations for traffic and delivery of goods, risk on delivery, collaboration between such companies involved in the transport of goods, logistics factors and environmental requirements. The Logistics Performance Indicators (LPI) adopted by those companies are also investigated. A survey was carried out with 119 representatives of the LSP and carriers who work in the São Paulo Metropolitan Region (SPMR). According to these representatives, traffic congestion, cargo theft and zone circulation for cargo vehicles are the main issues that hinder the delivery of goods. The seasonality of deliveries during the month and the long queues for loading/unloading were pointed out as the main issues by the LSP; while the lack of adequate places to park and loading/unloading were emphasized by the carriers. Scheduled delivery fulfillment, urgent delivery on time and goods deliveries in the last week of the month seem to be less effected by urban freight transport attributes.

The negative externalities generated by the urban distribution of cargo, such as traffic jams, pollution and noise, are widely known and experienced by the population living in large urban centers. These problems have been aggravated by the growth in urban population, by the crisis in the mobility model adopted in the large Brazilian cities and by the growth in complexity of the urban cargo distribution process. In this sense, some attributes may contribute to improving the logistic performance of the agents participating in the cargo distribution and others may hinder its competitiveness. The investigation into the urban cargo distribution attributes and of these agents' roles is the starting point of this study. The present thesis aims to analyze the urban cargo distribution attributes, taking into account the different points of view of the major actors in the cargo distribution in the São Paulo Metropolitan Region (SPMR) and acting in the retail market: Shipper, Logistic Operator, Carrier and Client. For this, an analysis of the theoretical referential was performed regarding the theme urban cargo distribution; two case studies were conducted with Logistic Operators acting in the cargo distribution logistics in the São Paulo Metropolitan Region and, lastly, the descriptive measures of the problems faced by Logistic Service Renderers, Logistic Operators and Carriers were analyzed, obtained from the application of a research questionnaire to these agents. From the information obtained, the relevant and unanimous attributes among the logistic service renderers were verified to be: lines and places for loading/ unloading, flexibility, circulation constraints as per the size of the vehicle, regulated place to stop cargo vehicles, traffic jam and cargo theft. Added to these attributes are seasonal consumption and product compromised at receipt, which are considered relevant by Logistic Operators and Carriers, respectively.

The paper aims to describe some of the aspects that characterize the logistic uniqueness of a megacity located in a developing country, through the comparison between the urban distribution operations that take place in São Paulo, a perfect example of a megacity in an emerging economy like Brazil, and a city like Boston, dense by U.S. standards. More specifically, we detail the results of two research workshops conducted in Boston-Cambridge and in São Paulo in 2012, addressing some of the main observations and reflections related to the "last mile" distribution in terms of critical points and operational differences between these two cities. These results are based on an extensive information and data collection process, from the observation of several delivery operations at different areas of the two cities and the shadowing of some delivery routes from companies of different sectors. Some aspects are discussed, like traffic regulations and enforcement, drivers' behavior, loading/unloading zones and relationship practices between companies, drivers and customers.