Pengetahuan sangat penting dalam mengembangkan diabetes self-management untuk mencegah resiko komplikasi jangka panjang dengan diet yang ketat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan diabetes self-management dengan tingkat stress pasien diabetes melitus yang menjalani diet. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Jumlah total sampel didapatkan sebesar 106 responden dengan multistage sampling, Kriteria inklusi meliputi pasien DM <5 tahun dengan rentang usia 35-55 tahun, tidak menggunakan insulin injeksi, Pasien DM masih berkeluarga dan tinggal dengan keluarganya. Data didapatkan dengan kuesioner Knowledge of Diabetic Diet Questionnaire, Self-Management Dietary Behaviors Questionnaire, dan tingkat stress menjalani diet. Kemudian dianalisis dengan uji Spearman test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan (p=0,049; r=-0,192) dan diabetes self-management (p=0,000; r=-0,341) memiliki hubungan terhadap tingkat stress saat menjalani diet. Diabetes self-management memiliki hubungan yang sangat kuat dari pada tingkat pengetahuan terhadap tingkat stress pasien diabetes yang menjalani diet. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan bisa menggunakan responden dengan wilayah yang lebih luas dan serta mengembangkan intervensi yang lebih baik untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang diet pada pasien diabetes melitus. Kata Kunci: diabetes melitus, diet, self-management, tingkat stres Abstract The correlation between knowledge level and diabetes self-management towards stress level of patients DM with diet. Knowledge is very important in developing diabetes self-management to prevent the risk of long-term complications with a strict diet. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and diabetes self-management with stress levels of people with diabetes mellitus who went on a diet. This study uses a cross-sectional design. The total samples obtained were 106 respondents with multistage sampling, inclusion criteria included patients with DM <5 years with a range of ages 35-55 years, did not use insulin injection, DM patients were still married and lived with their families. Data are obtained with questionnaire of Knowledge of Diabetic Diet Questionnaire (KDDQ), a Self-Management Dietary Behaviors Questionnaire (SMDBQ), and a stress level on a diet. Data analyzed by the Spearman Rho. The results showed that the level of knowledge (p=0.049; r=-0.192) and diabetes self-management (p=0,000; r=-0,341) had a relationship to stress levels while on a diet. Diabetes self-management has a very strong relationship to the level of knowledge of the stress level of diabetics with diet. Future studies are expected to be able to use respondents with a wider area and develop better interventions to increase knowledge about diets in people with diabetes mellitus. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, diet, self-management, stress level
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem in the world. DM patients should be able to perform self-care behavior. Diabetic self-care behavior is an effective strategy for controlling diabetes.Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine a health promotion model in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, which involved 177 patients with type 2 diabetes from primary health care in Denpasar Bali Indonesia with a stratified random sampling. Independent variables were personal factors (age, sex, education, body mass index, socioeconomic status, self-motivation, illness perception, and belief), self-efficacy, and family support. The dependent variable was self-care behavior. A structural equation model was used to confirm the hypothesis model.Results: Personal factors (education, socioeconomic, and perceptions) (t = 2.891) and family support (t = 5.746) were associated with self-care behavior. Self-efficacy did not affect self-care behavior (t = .139).Conclusion: Diabetes self-care behavior is influenced by socioeconomic status, level of education, perception of the illness, and family support. Therefore, it is suggested for nurses to apply the health promotion model approach to increase self-care behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Introduction Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps reduce the amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that enters the body in order to avoid acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and prevents the occurrence of opportunistic infections and complications. This study aims to describe the correlation between self-esteem and motivation with adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in ART. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 91 PLWHA who joined a non-government organization (NGO) support group, determined through a purposive sampling technique. The demography, and questionnaires about self-esteem, motivation and adherence to ART were employed to collect the raw data. The data were then analyzed using Spearman’s rho test with the degree of significance at p < 0.05. Results The result showed that self-esteem (p = 0.000, r = 0.445) and motivation (p = 0.019, r = 0.246) had correlation with adherence of PLWHA with ART. Conclusion PLWHA can increase self-esteem and motivation so that they can improve ART adherence. Further research is expected to use an instrument more objectively as a measurement tool for ART adherence in addition to a questionnaire so as to obtain more accurate and specific results.
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