Application of Health Promotion Model for Better Self-Care Behavior in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem in the world. DM patients should be able to perform self-care behavior. Diabetic self-care behavior is an effective strategy for controlling diabetes.Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine a health promotion model in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, which involved 177 patients with type 2 diabetes from primary health care in Denpasar Bali Indonesia with a stratified random sampling. Independent variables were personal factors (age, sex, education, body mass index, socioeconomic status, self-motivation, illness perception, and belief), self-efficacy, and family support. The dependent variable was self-care behavior. A structural equation model was used to confirm the hypothesis model.Results: Personal factors (education, socioeconomic, and perceptions) (t = 2.891) and family support (t = 5.746) were associated with self-care behavior. Self-efficacy did not affect self-care behavior (t = .139).Conclusion: Diabetes self-care behavior is influenced by socioeconomic status, level of education, perception of the illness, and family support. Therefore, it is suggested for nurses to apply the health promotion model approach to increase self-care behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Investigation of Theory and Model Use in Higher Education Theses in Nursing Related to Diabetes: Systematic Review

“…tarafından yapılan bir diğer çalışmada ise diyabetli bireylerde sağlığı geliştirme modelinin öz bakım davranışları üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir ve çalışmanın sonucunda diyabet öz bakım davranışı sosyoekonomik durum, eğitim düzeyi, hastalık algısı ve aile desteğinden etkilenmektedir. 46 Bu nedenle hemşirelerin Tip 2 diyabetli hastaların öz bakım davranışlarını artırmak için sağlığı geliştirme modeli yaklaşımını uygulamaları önerilmiştir. İstek ve Karakurt'un diyabetli bireylerde öz bakım yönetimi çalışmasında ise diyabet tanısı konan bir hastada hastalığın yönetimi ve tedavinin başarısı için hastaya diyabet nedenleri, tedavi seçenekleri, beslenme ve egzersizin önemi, öz bakım, kan glikoz düzeylerinin takibi, tedavi uyumu, beklenmeyen durumlarla başa çıkma, komplikasyonları tanıma ve önleme gibi konularda eğitim verilmesinin önemi paylaşılmıştır.…”

The Effect of Health Promotion Program on Perceived Self-Efficacy and Self-Care Practices among Elderly with Multimorbidity in Chiang Mai, Thailand

“…According to Bandura's theory, 17 when self-efficacy increases, the elderly are more likely to engage in health promotion self-care behaviors, thereby improving their quality of life and well-being. 25,26 Reisi, et al, 27 found that individuals with higher self-efficacy were more motivated to improve their self-care practices. Noticeably, the study results indicated that the elderly with multimorbidity receiving the intervention showed significantly improved self-care practices in healthy eating, physical activity, exercise, stress management, and medication.…”

Hubungan antara Self Efficacy dan Self Care Behavior pada Lansia dengan Hipertensi

“…Self efficacy mengembangkan kepercayaan diri dalam kemampuan individu untuk melakukan perilaku dan untuk mengatasi hambatan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut. Hasil yang diinginkan adalah keyakinan seseorang bahwa mereka akan mencapai hasil kesehatan positif yang dihasilkan dari perilaku yang spesifik (13) . Self efficacy berhubungan dengan motivasi individu dan keyakinan tentang kemampuan mereka dan semua hal tersebut adalah syarat yang paling penting bagi perubahan perilaku (13,14) .…”

“…Hasil yang diinginkan adalah keyakinan seseorang bahwa mereka akan mencapai hasil kesehatan positif yang dihasilkan dari perilaku yang spesifik (13) . Self efficacy berhubungan dengan motivasi individu dan keyakinan tentang kemampuan mereka dan semua hal tersebut adalah syarat yang paling penting bagi perubahan perilaku (13,14) . Pada penelitian ini ditemukan keyakinan diri lansia dengan hipertensi dalam kategori baik.…”