Saline intrusion is a hot issue and has always been of concern in the VMD (Vietnamese Mekong Delta), especially in the context of many changes of impact factors such as upstream flows and SLR (Sea Levels Rise). Vulnerability to changes in the upstream flows and SLR ismust-have reasons for updated and interpreted information. This information is used for exploiting of soil and water resources. MIKE 11 model was successfully applied to assess the saline intrusion. The study provided the picture of the saline intrusion in the dry season from January to May in the VMD in the existing situation (2015 and 2016) and the future (2030 and 2050) under the impact of flow at Kratie in various frequencies of 18%, 50% and 85% based on the time series of 2001-2016, and SLR according to RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 4.5 scenario of MONRE (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment) of Vietnam issued in 2016. The results show that in the year 2015 the ASI (Saline Intrusion Area) in the VMD was relatively low due to moderate tidal level and high Kratie discharge (P = 18%). The scenario like the situation in 2016 and in the future ASI increased significantly compared to the 2015 baseline scenario which shows that the VMD is very vulnerable to saline intrusion. Based on multivariate regression analysis, the study also presented the formulas for the relationship between the ASI of 0.25 g/L, 2.5 g/L and 4.0 g/L thresholds and the impact factors such as the average discharge at Kratie and the maximum daily tidal level in East Coast during the dry season from January to May. With an adjusted R 2 at 0.913-0.974, these formulas are believed to be reliable for predicting ASIs based on the Kratie flow and the East Coast tidal level.
The vulnerability, flood hazards, and exposure are three indicators to calculating and assessing flood risk in the Mekong Delta river. Flood risk assessments allows managers to understand the probability and implications of potential damage caused by floods. The vulnerability index is based on three criteria, including sensitivity and adaptive capacity related to the economic, social, and environmental aspects and benefits that floods bring to the Mekong Delta river. The flood events occurred in the years that the flood peak at Tan Chau was over 4 m, causing the most severe damage in this area. This paper will use the vulnerability index method which is the sum of the components including the sensitivity, resilience and benefits of floods to calculate and assess the flood vulnerability of 155 communes in 11 districts of An Giang province. The results showed that there are four communes were affected by average vulnerability and 151 communes with high vulnerability.
Abstract:The study used multivariate analysis to calculate the water security index (WSI)to quantify the level of water security for Tra Vinh city - Tra Vinh province, from that, we propose solutions to improve and improve the effectiveness of management, exploitation and use of sustainable water resources for Tra Vinh city.This study has developed a set of criteria and parameters that serve as a basis for calculating the WSI index for Tra Vinh, including 53 parameters belonging to 17 criterias of 5 key aspects. As a result, the level of change in water-related security factors for the period 2012 - 2016, respectively, of the WSI scores for the years was: 56.4 (2012); 58.5 (2013); 56.6 (2014); 50.4 (2015) and 37.9 (2016).
Key words. Water securiry, Water security index (WSI), Set of water security indicator, Tra Vinh city
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