Restoration of heritage buildings requires an appropriate choice of materials, as inappropriate materials can lead to degradation rather than preservation. Hydrated lime and sand mortars are the most suitable for masonry cladding. However, they have low durability regarding current requirements. This work investigates the use of silica fume and/or biopolymers (egg albumen and additive derived from the reuse of milk unfit for human consumption (k-casein)) in the production of these mortars. Many mortars were characterized in terms of mechanical properties (compressive and diametric strength, absorption rate) and chemical properties (SEM, Infrared spectrum). The research revealed that the addition of silica fume allows an increase of more than 50% in the mechanical strength of the mortars and, when associated with animal protein, this value may be higher than 60%, especially for biopolymer (k-casein). Finally, the proteins in the preparation of mortars, which provides intense air entry, resulting in the formation of more pores. This increase in voids allows more CO2 to enter, which directly contributes to a faster carbonation process and performance mortar.
The Santa Teresinha Chapel, built in 1927, is a city heritage, which guarantees its irreplaceable character. It is the first building built to worship this saint in the city, and the second building to worship the same saint in Brazil. Therefore, its conservation will preserve the collective memory of the Brazilian people. In this context, the present paper aims to show/deals with the relationship between religious vernacular heritage and sustainable conservation techniques. The highlights of this work are the guidelines for conservation and restoration of interventions on religious buildings from the 20th century, which guarantee the theoretical criteria, such as: legibility maintenance, authenticity maintenance and materiality maintenance of the heritage, as well as its relationship with sustainable development (social, economic and environmental dimensions). The literature review on heritage and sustainability, as well as their correlation was done after the diagnosis of the state of conservation of the building by visual inspection and non-destructive testing (thermography). The results and discussion show mitigating measures of pathological manifestations using sustainable techniques and materials. Finally, an intervention methodology will be proposed that enables in-depth analysis of the state of conservation of the built for the monitoring and implementation of future interventions its ensuring your maintenance of meaning for news generations.
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