-(Leaf anatomy of Melastomataceae from the Cerrado of São Paulo State). We studied the leaf of 22 species of Melastomataceae (tribe Miconieae, Tibouchinieae e Microlicieae) from the cerrado of São Paulo State. In all representatives the leaves are dorsiventral and hypostomatic and present bicollateral vascular bundles in the midrib (except for one species). Some features such as type and position of the stomata and the aspect of the midrib surface vary even within a single genus. Other features like cuticle thickness, thricomes morphology, and occurrence or not of emergences, percentage of palisade parenchyma and position and shape of the main vascular bundle may help on the characterization of each genus when analyzed as a hole, within the tribes. These features are described for the 22 species and discussed in a systematic context. Key words -cerrado, leaf anatomy, Melastomataceae RESUMO -(Anatomia foliar de Melastomataceae do Cerrado do Estado de São Paulo). Foi estudada a estrutura foliar de 22 espécies de Melastomataceae (tribos Miconieae, Tibouchinieae e Microlicieae) encontradas no cerrado do estado de São Paulo. Em todos os representantes, as folhas são dorsiventrais e hipostomáticas e a nervura principal é formada por xilema e por floema nas duas faces (exceto por uma única espécie). Determinados caracteres presentes nesses órgãos, como tipo e posição dos estômatos e aspecto das superfícies adaxial e abaxial, na região da nervura principal, variam consideravelmente dentro de um mesmo gênero. Outros como espessura da cutícula nas duas superfícies, tipo e morfologia dos tricomas, presença ou não de emergências, porcentagem de parênquima paliçádico e posição e forma do sistema vascular principal, quando considerados em conjunto podem auxiliar na caracterização dos diferentes gêneros dentro das tribos. Esses aspectos são descritos para os 22 representantes estudados e discutidos dentro de um contexto sistemático.Palavras-chave -anatomia foliar, cerrado, Melastomataceae 1.

RESUMO -(Vascularização foliar e anatomia do pecíolo de Melastomataceae do cerrado do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil). Foram estudados o pecíolo e a vascularização foliar de 22 espécies de Melastomataceae do cerrado do Estado de São Paulo. A análise da vascularização mostrou que, embora venação acródroma seja constante para todos os representantes, determinados caracteres, como o tipo de aréola, a relação entre o número de nervuras primárias e secundárias, o tipo de venação última marginal e a organização da rede de nervuras, são úteis na delimitação das tribos e gêneros estudados. O estudo anatômico do pecíolo também revelou que determinados aspectos, como o contorno do órgão, a distribuição dos feixes vasculares e as características epidérmicas, fornecem subsídios para a caracterização de gêneros. As variações encontradas na vascularização foliar e na estrutura do pecíolo são descritas para todos os representantes estudados e discutidas dentro de um contexto taxonômico do grupo. Palavras-chave:Melastomataceae, vascularização foliar, anatomia, pecíolo, cerrado ABSTRACT -(Leaf vasculature and petiole anatomy of Melastomataceae from the cerrado of the São Paulo State, Brazil). We studied the leaf vasculature and the petiole anatomy of 22 species of Melastomataceae from the cerrado of the São Paulo State, Brazil. In all the representatives, the leaf venation is of the acrodromous pattern, but some features, such as the kind of areolation, the number of primary and secondary veins, the type of marginal ultimate venation, and the arrangement of the vein nets, can be related to the tribe and genera that the species belongs. Some aspects of the petiole structure, such as its outline, the distribution of the vascular bundles and the epidermal features, are also useful to characterize the genera. The variation observed on leaf venation and on petiole anatomy are described and discussed under a taxonomic point of view.

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ABSTRACT

The cosmopolitan species Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. is one of the most widely distributed ticks all over the world. These ectoparasites are vectors of several pathogens and cause significant direct damage to their hosts. The biological success of these ectoparasites has been attributed to their ovaries and salivary glands, organs that ensure their survival in various environmental conditions. The importance of the ovaries in ticks is that, after mating, the individuals are able to lay approximately three thousand eggs. The present study had the objective to demonstrate the effects of deltamethrin obtained from the product Butox P CE 25 (MSD Saúde Animal, São Paulo, Brazil) on the ovarian development of R. sanguineus s.l. females. The chemical was tested in the concentrations of 25, 50, 100 and 200 ppm (respectively 80, 40, 20 and 10 times lower than the recommended by the manufacturer). Through the application of histological techniques and HE staining, the results showed that the deltamethrin was potentially able to modify the morphophysiology of the oocytes in all developmental stages, interfering in the vitellogenesis, causing intense vacuolation, cytoplasmic disorganization, and alterations in the chorion secretion. In addition, the chemical affected the germ vesicle of some oocytes, causing damages and hypertrophy, fragmenting the chromatin and forming bodies strongly stained by hematoxylin. Therefore, this study confirmed that the deltamethrin had an important action on the reproductive system of the R. sanguineus s.l. females, causing the precocious structural disorganization of the germ cells, consequently preventing the generation of new individuals.